Mount Lewotobi, a twin volcano located on Flores Island, Indonesia, has entered a phase of heightened eruptive activity, culminating in a large-scale eruption. Satellite data from the Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC) confirms the generation of a substantial ash plume, reaching an altitude of 16 kilometers. This significant event prompted Indonesian authorities to elevate the volcanic alert level from Level III (Alert) to Level IV (Warning), signifying a critical increase in hazard potential. This escalation reflects a rapid intensification of volcanic processes within the Lewotobi Laki-laki cone.
Prior to the major eruption, observational data from March 13-20, 2025, documented persistent emissions of white, gray, and black volcanic gases and ash from the main crater, with plume heights varying between 100-300 meters. Eruption column heights during this period ranged from 1000-2500 meters, indicating a sustained period of elevated activity. The Aviation Color Code was accordingly raised to RED, signaling a significant risk to aviation. Seismically, the volcano displayed a notable increase in harmonic, low-frequency, and shallow volcanic earthquakes. The marked escalation of shallow volcanic earthquakes, particularly on March 20th, served as a strong precursor to the subsequent large-scale eruption. Analysis of the seismic data reveals a dynamic magmatic system, with fluctuating harmonic earthquake counts suggesting ongoing fluid movement at shallow depths.
Sources: PVMBG