Gamalama Volcano

 

Gamalama is a stratovolcano covering the entire landmass of Ternate Island, Indonesia. It is also called Peak of Ternate and has multiple craters and crater lakes. As one of the most active volcanoes in Indonesia, Gamalama has a history of explosive eruptions, followed by lava flows.

Location:	Ternate, Indonesia
Coordinates:	0.809933, 127.333201
Volcano Type:	Stratovolcano

 

Gamalama’s location:

 

Gamalama’s Latest Status:

September 2022: Small eruption. A small plume (to 250m) was observed rising about the crater. Seismicity has also increased with a number of deep earthquakes recorded.

 

Gamalama’s Eruptive History

2022	September: Small eruption. A small plume (to 250m) was observed rising about the crater. Seismicity has also increased with a number of deep earthquakes recorded.
2018	At least eight tremors before a small phreatic eruption and ash column (250m) appeared. In a state of unrest.
2017	August – Extreme Pursuit visited Gamalama. The volcano was showing very little sign of unrest.
2015	July – Small phreatic eruption, ash column to 2000m.
2014	Dec – Phreatic eruption, ash column to 2000m. Flowing lava near the summit also observed. 9 hikers were injured as they ran down the crater flank.
2011	Dec – Phreatic eruption, ash column to 2000m. Thousands left the island due to heavy ash fall. 4 people died.
2007-8	Small eruption after seismic activity increased.
2003	A pyroclastic flow was observed in the north-east flank. Ternate was covered in a thick layer of ash and some residents were evacuated.
1990	Ongoing eruptive activity, producing ash columns to 3000m and pyroclastic flows.
1980	Major eruption with 50,000 people evacuation. Eruption produced lava bombs and formed a new crater.
1775	Major eruption, causing the deaths of 1300 people (approx).

 

Gamalama Monitoring:

For monitoring of Indonesian Volcanoes, please refer to PVMBG.

 

Gamalama Images: