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# Extreme Pursuit

Global Volcano & Storm Chasers

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## Posts

- [News](https://extreme-pursuit.com/news/)
- [Auckland's best (and secret) geological wonders](https://extreme-pursuit.com/__trashed/) - Auckland, New Zealand has an incredible diversity of geological wonders, from the iconic volcanoes to the rugged, black-sand west coast beaches. But beyond the famous cones and surf beaches lie extraordinary features that are not widely known, or so well-hidden that very few have ever seen them. In this article, we’re sharing some of the
- [Eruption at Manaro Voui, Ambae Island, Vanuatu](https://extreme-pursuit.com/eruption-at-manaro-voui-ambae-island-vanuatu/) - The Manaro Voui volcano on Ambae Island has entered a new eruptive phase over the past 24 hours, marked by a significant increase in volcanic unrest. In the early morning of February 13, VMGD webcam footage showed a large glowing area at the volcano's vent. Satellite data has recorded multiple moderate-level thermal anomalies, peaking at
- [Expedition to Yasur Volcano (2026)](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-to-yasur-volcano-2026/) - Between late September and early October 2025, there was a significant and sustained increase in SO₂ emissions at Yasur Volcano, jumping from approximately 10–100 tons to 100–1,000 tons per pass, according to Copernicus Sentinel data (2025-2026). As of this writing, emission levels have remained consistently elevated. Then in early November, thermal readings shifted dramatically. What
- [Stewart's Lava Cave, Auckland - Virtual Tour](https://extreme-pursuit.com/stewarts-lava-cave-auckland-virtual-tour/) - I recently had the privilege of co-leading a scientific visit of Stewarts Lava Cave in Three Kings, Auckland, alongside Peter Crossley for Earthfest 2025. The response was overwhelming, with demand far exceeding capacity. To ensure those who missed out can still experience the site, I have developed a virtual tour below, encompassing the same scientific
- [Red Warning Storm Chase (Invest 94P)](https://extreme-pursuit.com/red-warning-storm-chase-invest-94p/) - Invest 94P started forming in the Coral Sea northwest of New Caledonia, and the forecast models were all over the place. Some had it spinning up into a proper cyclone, while Google's Deepmind models weren't buying it. What they did agree on was that this thing was heading straight for New Zealand with a serious
- [Exploring the Faroe Islands](https://extreme-pursuit.com/exploring-the-faroe-islands/) - In early September, my mate Paul and I spent nearly two weeks trekking through the Faroe Islands. We didn’t just stick to the typical tourist hot spots - we pushed deep into the remote mountains and explored rugged coastlines, clocking over 200km on foot across many of the islands. Our journey began on August 31st
- [Iceland 2025](https://extreme-pursuit.com/iceland-2025/) - Three years ago, I finally made it to Iceland and loved every second of it. Parts of it felt like home in New Zealand, but the geology was on an entirely different level. An absolute dream for someone like me. Even with six weeks, I barely scratched the surface, so I knew I’d be back
- [Minor eruption at Ambrym](https://extreme-pursuit.com/minor-eruption-at-ambrym/) - Ambrym Volcano erupted this morning (January 8, 2026) ending a dormancy period of over a year. At approximately 6:50 AM local time, seismic networks and satellite monitoring detected a pulse of activity, marked by a distinct ash plume rising from the caldera. Imagery from the Himawari-9 satellite indicates the plume reached an altitude of 6km,
- [Exploring Iceland's Lava Caves](https://extreme-pursuit.com/exploring-icelands-lava-caves/) - Iceland's lava caves rank among the finest on Earth. Entering these passages is like stepping into a volcanic eruption caught mid-flow - remarkably recent geological moments frozen in time. Their scale is impressive. Sprawling tunnels that snake for kilometers, opening into vast chambers. Exceptional colours with vivid rust-red oxidation, yellows, and greens streaking across the
- [Iceland Aurora Season 2025](https://extreme-pursuit.com/iceland-aurora-season-2025/) - I'm just back from Iceland, covering the Aurora season for 2025, and I'm a little lost for words. We're right in the thick of solar maximum and boy did mother nature put on a show. So many displays, all exceptionally dramatic and different. I met up with my good friend Grant at Reykjavík Airport and
- [Ambae, Vanuatu Eruption](https://extreme-pursuit.com/ambae-vanuatu-eruption/) - The Manaro Voui volcano (Ambae Island, Vanuatu) has entered a renewed and significant eruptive phase. UPDATE: December 9, 2025: While ash emissions on Ambae appear to have paused for the moment, the volcano is still showing significant activity, with high SO2 output and medium-range thermal anomalies. The current activity began on December 7, 2025, at
- [Spectacular Aurora over The Catlins, New Zealand](https://extreme-pursuit.com/spectacular-aurora-over-the-catlins-new-zealand/) - Just two days after witnessing one of the greatest bioluminescence shows of my life, Mother Nature decided to raise the stakes. A massive coronal mass ejection was heading our way, promising a huge aurora storm. I frantically checked the weather models to find clear skies, but they were a long way from home...right at the
- [This Best Bioluminescent Show on the Planet](https://extreme-pursuit.com/this-best-bioluminescent-show-on-the-planet/) - It has been at least a couple of years since Auckland hosted a truly spectacular bioluminescence show. We’ve seen a few minor events with decent photo opportunities, but nothing compares to those rare, incredible nights where the entire ocean seems permanently lit - where every breaking wave lights up the beach, and a million sparkles
- [Expedition Ambrym (Vanuatu) 2025](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-ambrym-vanuatu-2025/) - Over the past decade, I have maintained a comprehensive observational record of Ambrym Volcano in Vanuatu, documenting an extraordinary period of volcanic transformation. My archive represents the most detailed collection of observations, data, imagery, and video footage spanning this timeframe. Ambrym's geographic isolation has kept it largely invisible to the mainstream. Despite being a truly
- [Atmospheric river brings severe rainfall to the Bay of Plenty](https://extreme-pursuit.com/atmospheric-river-brings-severe-rainfall-to-the-bay-of-plenty/) - New Zealand is being soaked by another atmospheric river, bringing severe rainfall across the Bay of Plenty Region in New Zealand. Almost 300mm fell during our chase, causing rivers to flood, surface flooding and landslides. Areas covered in these images/video include roads around Whakatane, Opotiki, SH2 between Opotiki and Gisborne and SH35 towards Te Kaha.
- [Auckland Flooding - May 21 2024](https://extreme-pursuit.com/auckland-flooding-may-21-2024/) - Heavy rain in Auckland's Eastern Suburbs flooded several houses and turned streets into rushing torrents.
- [Auckland Flood - Orewa - May 9 2023](https://extreme-pursuit.com/auckland-flood-orewa-may-9-2023/) - Isolated surface flooding occurred near Orewa as a slow-moving front passed north of Auckland.
- [Red Warning Storm: Wind Gusts Batter New Zealand](https://extreme-pursuit.com/red-warning-storm-wind-gusts-batter-new-zealand/) - With the world's top weather models all screaming the same forecast - a massive wind event packing gusts well over 200km/h - I booked a flight south. I met up with fellow storm chasers Geoff and Cayleb, and we immediately drove from Christchurch to Culverden for the night. The next morning, we were up early.
- [Chasing Cyclone Gita](https://extreme-pursuit.com/chasing-cyclone-gita/) - February 20, 2018 Cyclone Gita started out as "Tropical Disturbance 07F" near the Solomon Islands, before tracking towards Tonga and intensifying to a Cat 4. Gita was the strongest cyclone to strike Tonga in recorded history. Gita transitioned to strong ex-tropical cyclone as it tracked towards New Zealand. We headed to the West Coast of the
- [Into the snowmageddon - South Island Snow Storm](https://extreme-pursuit.com/into-the-snowmageddon/) - With 50-70cm of snow forecast to drop in a day, we headed for Christchurch and onto the Lewis Pass, with New Zealand's best storm chasing vehicle. I teamed up with fellow storm chasers Geoff Mackley and Sam James, and after carefully analyzing the weather models, we decided to head for Lewis Pass. We departed Christchurch
- [Auckland Anniversary Floods, 2023](https://extreme-pursuit.com/auckland-floods/) - As a lifelong Aucklander who has chased and documented countless storms and floods in this city, I can unequivocally say I have never experienced anything as severe as the Auckland Anniversary Floods of 2023. The day began along Tamaki Drive, where the high tide and strong winds were already a problem. Waves were aggressively smashing
- [Expedition Ambae (Vanuatu) 2025](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-ambae-vanuatu-2025/) - I've attempted to reach Ambae's summit three times. My first visit coincided with the catastrophic 2017/2018 eruption, when most of the island lay abandoned. Safety concerns forced us to turn back before reaching the top. The second expedition proved more successful - we made it to the summit and witnessed the week-old lava flows and
- [Spectacular Aurora Display Illuminates New Zealand Skies](https://extreme-pursuit.com/spectacular-aurora-display-illuminates-new-zealand-skies/) - Stepping out of a lava cave in Auckland, my phone blew up with news: a massive solar flare with CME...and an aurora was set to arrive in New Zealand skies around midnight. This wasn't just any aurora; it was a big one, maybe as good as the one we saw last May. My first thought?
- [How to see Aurora in Auckland, New Zealand](https://extreme-pursuit.com/seeing-aurora-in-auckland-new-zealand/) - All the photos on this page were taken in Auckland by Extreme Pursuit. They are copyright and must not be reproduced without permission. As we enter the solar maximum - the period of the greatest solar activity during the Sun's solar cycle - the chances of spotting Aurora right now are good. As solar activity
- [New Zealand's Aurora Australis Spectacle of May 11-12, 2024](https://extreme-pursuit.com/new-zealands-aurora-australis-spectacle-of-may-11-12-2024/) - On the unforgettable nights of May 11th and 12th, 2024, New Zealanders were treated to a celestial spectacle rarely witnessed in such intensity and widespread reach - the Aurora Australis, or Southern Lights, danced across the skies in a dazzling display of vibrant colors. Triggered by a series of coronal mass ejections from the Sun,
- [Expedition to Tofua Volcano, Tonga](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-to-tofua-volcano-tonga/) - We've just recently returned from a major expedition to the Kingdom of Tonga and in the process helped uncover the world's 9th lava lake. Several years back, I acquired grainy satellite imagery of Tofua, a remote volcanic island in Tonga. Every image revealed thermal anomalies within the volcano's active Lofia Cone - anomalies that persisted
- [The Cave of a Thousand Press-ups](https://extreme-pursuit.com/the-cave-of-a-thousand-press-ups/) - I had the unique opportunity to visit one of Auckland's longest lava caves: the "Cave of a Thousand Press-ups." True to its name, this isn't a cave for the faint of heart. It's located on the eastern side of One Tree Hill, Auckland, and you can only get in through a locked manhole cover. It's
- [Significant Lava Cave Discovered in Auckland, New Zealand](https://extreme-pursuit.com/significant-lava-cave-discovered-in-auckland-new-zealand/) - Over the past year, Extreme Pursuit has undertaken far-reaching exploration efforts of the Auckland Volcanic Field in New Zealand to find new and undocumented lava caves. These efforts have yielded the discovery of a new and significant lava cave - mostly due to its size, length and geological features and minerals which are not found
- [Cyclone Tam Chase](https://extreme-pursuit.com/cyclone-tam-chase/) - Cyclone Tam formed between New Caledonia and New Zealand as a tropical low. It quickly intensified into a Category 1 tropical cyclone as it moved southeast towards New Zealand's North Island. While the center of the storm remained offshore to the west of Cape Reinga, its outer bands brought significant impacts to the upper North
- [Rust and Ruin: Napier-Gisborne’s Lost Railway](https://extreme-pursuit.com/rust-and-ruin-napier-gisbornes-lost-railway/) - The Palmerston North-Gisborne Line represents a significant chapter in New Zealand's railway history. Its construction spanned several decades due to challenges associated with the rugged terrain of the North Island's eastern coast. The line was envisioned to connect the regions of the lower North Island with the isolated but vital communities of the East Coast,
- [Auckland Lava Cave Exploration](https://extreme-pursuit.com/auckland-lava-cave-exploration/) - Today marked a unique opportunity as we were granted special permission to explore another (new to us) lava cave located in Auckland, New Zealand. Remarkably, this cave lies just over five kilometres from Auckland's CBD, tucked away on private property. Gaining access was refreshingly simple; the entrance, though hidden, presented none of the usual manhole
- [Reykjanes Peninsula (Iceland) Eruption](https://extreme-pursuit.com/reykjanes-peninsula-iceland-eruption/) - The Reykjanes Peninsula in Iceland experienced another bout of intense geological activity, with an eruption commencing just before 9:45 AM local time on Tuesday, April 1st. Following a surge of seismic activity, molten rock breached the surface, triggering rapid evacuations. The initial eruption fissure quickly extended southward, reaching the protective barriers surrounding Grindavík. Footage confirmed
- [Large-scale eruption at Lewotobi](https://extreme-pursuit.com/large-scale-eruption-at-lewotobi/) - Mount Lewotobi, a twin volcano located on Flores Island, Indonesia, has entered a phase of heightened eruptive activity, culminating in a large-scale eruption. Satellite data from the Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC) confirms the generation of a substantial ash plume, reaching an altitude of 16 kilometers. This significant event prompted Indonesian authorities to elevate
- [Expedition to Karangetang Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-to-karangetang-volcano/) - Our journey to Karangetang Volcano began in Manado, the capital of North Sulawesi. Manado offered a welcome respite from the hustle and bustle of Indonesia's larger cities. To reach the volcano, we opted for a local ferry, a decision heavily influenced by the recent crash of the sole local airline's only plane, a tragedy that
- [New Plume at Fentale Volcano? Evidence Points to Rising Groundwater](https://extreme-pursuit.com/new-plume-at-fentale-volcano-evidence-points-to-rising-groundwater/) - Recent satellite images of Fentale volcano in Ethiopia have revealed a mysterious white feature or "blob" within the crater, prompting much speculation about its origin. While some have suggested it may be a rising volcanic plume - or even SO2, I believe the white area is actually a growing body of steaming, white cloudy water
- [Hydrothermal Eruption at Mt Dofen, Ethiopia](https://extreme-pursuit.com/hydrothermal-eruption-at-mt-dofen-ethiopia/) - A vigorous hydrothermal eruption has commenced at Dofen volcano, characterised by the forceful ejection of a gas, steam, mud. This event, situated within the seismically active Afar region of the East African Rift system, warrants close observation due to its potential implications for greater volcanic hazards. Hydrothermal eruption at Dofen (FBC) Dofen, a shield volcano
- [Expedition Vanuatu 2023](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-vanuatu-2023/) - The first to descend into and explore the new volcanic cone of Ambae on Extreme Pursuit's 2023 Expedition to Vanuatu. We had a goal. Three weeks to climb four volcanoes - Yasur, Ambrym, Lopevi and Ambae and complete a world first on each. To pull off such an expedition takes months and months of planning
- [Fentale Volcano, Ethiopia: Earthquake Swarm](https://extreme-pursuit.com/fentale-volcano-ethiopia-earthquake-swarm/) - The Fentale volcanic complex in the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) is experiencing heightened concern due to a recent surge in seismic activity near the volcano. Fentale is an active volcano located in the central sector of the MER, characterised by a complex interplay of tectonic extension and magmatic processes. The volcano has a history of
- [Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Images & Video](https://extreme-pursuit.com/hunga-tonga-hunga-haapai-images-video/) - Much of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcanic island has been destroyed as a result of the Jan 15 eruption. Extreme Pursuit landed on the island back in 2016 during an expedition to Tonga. We have decided to publish our entire library of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai images and video sample reel for scientific research and educational purposes.
- [Classic South Island Snow Storm](https://extreme-pursuit.com/classic-south-island-snow-storm/) - Lewis Pass, New Zealand / June 2019 This season's winter has been particularly mild, but with a South Island snow storm on the way, we jumped on a plane bound for Christchurch, picked up a 4x4 and headed towards the Lewis Pass where we hunkered down and waited for the storm to arrive. It didn't
- [Ambrym Island's famed lava lakes lost](https://extreme-pursuit.com/ambrym-islands-famed-lava-lakes-lost/) - Ambrym Island, Vanuatu / March 2019 The volcanic island of Ambrym, Vanuatu is certainly a wonder of the world. There isn't another place like it anywhere on our planet. Two imposing cones rise from the desert-like caldera, both churning with molten rock. I have made descents within both Marum and Benbow's cones on multiple expeditions.
- [Kaikoura Earthquake - A Year On](https://extreme-pursuit.com/kaikoura-earthquake-a-year-on/) - Kaikoura, New Zealand / December 2017. The Kaikoura Earthquake caused massive damage along SH1. A year after the earthquake, it was officially reopened (however, still far from complete). We decided to compare our photos taken just days after the quake and compare them to today. We do wonder if the motorists zipping along the road today
- [Hiking the Chatham Islands](https://extreme-pursuit.com/hiking-the-chatham-islands/) - We're just back from a mini expedition to the Chatham Islands (including Pitt Island), located 800 kilometres east of the South Island of New Zealand. It's about as close as we can get to an "overseas" expedition right now. The islands do feel distinctively different from the mainland and offer a rich geological and wilderness
- [Whakaari White Island Eruption - First Pictures](https://extreme-pursuit.com/whakaari-white-island-eruption-first-pictures/) - White Island, also known as Whakaari, is an active volcano located off the coast of New Zealand's North Island. It is the country's most active volcano known for its unique lunar-like landscape and steam vents. The island gained international attention in December 2019 when a sudden eruption tragically killed 22 people and injured many others.
- [Eruption & Expedition to Lewotobi Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/eruption-expedition-to-lewotobi-volcano/) - Lewotobi, a stratovolcano with two distinct peaks, is situated on the Indonesian island of Flores. This volcano has a history of activity, with eruptions typically involving ash plumes, explosive bursts of lava, and occasional lava flows. These eruptions pose a range of hazards to local communities, including ashfall, fast-moving currents of hot gas and volcanic
- [Ruang Volcano - Post Eruption Expedition](https://extreme-pursuit.com/ruang-volcano-post-eruption-expedition/) - Ruang Volcano, a stratovolcano rising from the sea in Indonesia's Sangihe Islands, was once a picture of tropical serenity. Dense rainforest covered its slopes, providing a habitat for a rich variety of plants and animals. This was all shattered in April 2024 when Ruang erupted after years of quiet. The volcano, known for its powerful
- [New eruption at Kīlauea](https://extreme-pursuit.com/new-eruption-at-kilauea/) - Kīlauea volcano on the Big Island of Hawai'i began erupting early this morning, December 23rd, at around 2 a.m. local time. The eruption is taking place within Halemaʻumaʻu crater at the volcano's summit. Lava fountains were observed erupting from fissures on the crater floor, creating a spectacular display of fiery incandescence against the dark pre-dawn
- [Breaking: Vanuatu M 7.4 Earthquake](https://extreme-pursuit.com/breaking-vanuatu-earthquake-m-7-4-earthquake/) - Urgent Earthquake and Tsunami Warning for Vanuatu A powerful 7.4 magnitude earthquake has struck just 54 kilometers west of Port-Vila, Vanuatu. The earthquake was shallow, occurring at a depth of only 10 kilometers, which increases the potential for tsunami wave generation. The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center has issued a tsunami warning for coastal areas within
- [Raung Volcano Eruption](https://extreme-pursuit.com/raung-volcano-eruption/) - Raung Volcano (Indonesia) recently erupted, sending a plume of ash 4,000 meters into the atmosphere. This eruption triggered the Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC) to issue an ash advisory, warning of the potential hazards to aircraft. The ash plume, propelled by prevailing winds, is drifting eastward towards the popular tourist destination of Bali. Source:
- [Kanlaon Volcano Eruption](https://extreme-pursuit.com/kanlaon-volcano-eruption/) - At 3:03 PM today, December 9th, 2024, a powerful explosive eruption originated from the summit vent of Kanlaon Volcano. This eruption generated a voluminous plume of ash and volcanic gases, ascending to an altitude of 3,000 meters above the vent. The plume exhibited a westward drift, potentially impacting areas downwind. This event signifies a significant
- [Home Reef's island grows, satellite images confirm](https://extreme-pursuit.com/home-reefs-island-grows-satellite-images-confirm/) - Home Reef is a submarine volcano in the Tonga archipelago known for its "now you see it, now you don't" nature. Throughout history, eruptions have repeatedly built small islands that are then eroded away by the ocean. These islands are typically short-lived, lasting from a few months to a few years. The volcano is part
- [Expedition to Lewotolok (Lewotolo) Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-to-lewotolok-lewotolo-volcano/) - After the exhilarating experience of exploring Lewotobi, our Indonesian volcano expedition continued with our sights set on the next fiery giant: Lewotolok, also known as Lewotolo. We bid farewell to the smoldering slopes of Lewotobi with one last, dramatic eruption visible as we sped away from Larantuka on a fast ferry bound for Lewoleba, on
- [Climbing Auckland’s 53 Volcanoes in 24 Hours](https://extreme-pursuit.com/climbing-aucklands-53-volcanoes-in-24-hours/) - Auckland has always been my volcanic playground. Ever since I was a kid, I've been fascinated by those cones scattered across the city. After years of exploring, I finally managed to tick off every single one. But that wasn't enough. I hatched a seemingly crazy idea – to conquer them all again, but this time
- [Home Reef (Tonga) Eruption](https://extreme-pursuit.com/home-reef-tonga-eruption/) - A submarine volcanic eruption occurred today at Home Reef, a shallow submarine volcano located within the Tofua volcanic arc in the Tonga archipelago. The eruption generated a volcanic ash plume that ascended to an altitude of less than 2 kilometers. This relatively low-altitude plume suggests a moderately explosive eruption, with limited atmospheric injection of ash.
- [New eruption underway in Reykjanes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/new-eruption-underway-in-reykjanes/) - A volcanic eruption began near Grindavík, Iceland on Wednesday, November 20, 2024 at approximately 11:14 PM local time. This marks the sixth eruption in the area this year, with the fissure extending northeast over two kilometers. The eruption occurred in the Sundhnúkur crater row, north of Grindavík, an area that has seen repeated volcanic activity
- [Ground Deformation at Ambrym Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/significant-ground-deformation-detected-at-ambrym-volcano/) - Ambrym is a large basaltic shield volcano located in the Vanuatu archipelago, part of the New Hebrides volcanic arc. It features a 12-km-wide caldera formed by a massive Plinian eruption approximately 1,900 years ago. Within this caldera are two active cones, Marum and Benbow, which are known for their persistent lava lakes, though these drained
- [Ambrym Volcano Eruption](https://extreme-pursuit.com/ambrym-volcano-eruption/) - Ambrym Volcano in Vanuatu is currently exhibiting heightened volcanic activity, marked by an eruption within the Benbow crater. This eruption is characterised by the detection of multiple thermal anomalies, with the most recent recording a substantial energy output of 621 MW (High). This reading surpasses the intensity observed in eruptions following the formation of the
- [Iceland eruption commences (Aug 22)](https://extreme-pursuit.com/iceland-eruption-commences-aug-22/) - Another volcanic eruption has begun on Iceland's Reykjanes Peninsula, marking the latest in a series of ongoing eruptive episodes. The eruption, which started on August 22nd near the town of Grindavík, was preceded by weeks of heightened seismic activity. The eruption is located within the Sundhnúksgígaröð area, remarkably close to the site of last May's
- [Eruption at Sheveluch after 7.0 magnitude earthquake](https://extreme-pursuit.com/eruption-at-sheveluch-after-7-0-magnitude-earthquake/) - In a dramatic sequence of events, the Sheveluch volcano on Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula erupted today, shortly after a powerful 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck the region. It is possible that the earthquake, which occurred in the early hours of the morning, could have triggered the eruption by destabilising the magma chamber beneath Shiveluch, leading to a
- [Circumnavigating the Manukau Harbour](https://extreme-pursuit.com/circumnavigating-the-manukau-harbour/) - During New Zealand's second major lockdown, Auckland was cut off from the rest of the country. We couldn’t leave its borders, but we could travel anywhere within the region. Having hiked every trail, climbed every volcano, and explored every regional park, our options were running thin for new adventures. Desperate for a new challenge, we
- [MrBeast Stranded In A Cave Filming Location](https://extreme-pursuit.com/mr-beast-stranded-in-a-cave-filming-location/) - MrBeast recently thrilled his fans with a caving video in which he survived 7 days underground. The video follows MrBeast and his crew as they navigate the challenging underground passages and chambers, encountering breathtaking rock formations, cascading waterfalls, and ancient glowworm colonies. The video was filmed in New Zealand - specifically the Mangapu Cave System,
- [Hydrothermal eruption at Yellowstone National Park](https://extreme-pursuit.com/hydrothermal-eruption-at-yellowstone-national-park/) - A hydrothermal eruption occurred in Yellowstone National Park today, in the Biscuit Basin area (Black Diamond Pool). The event involved a sudden release of steam and debris, causing damage to a boardwalk and prompting the closure of the area for visitor safety. Thankfully, there were no reports of injuries. The eruption is believed to have
- [Mount Etna's new paroxysmal eruption](https://extreme-pursuit.com/mount-etnas-new-paroxysmal-eruption/) - Mount Etna, a stratovolcano located on the island of Sicily, Italy, and renowned for its persistent activity, experienced a notable resurgence in volcanic activity. Following a period of escalating seismic unrest and heightened degassing, the eruption commenced on July 4th with a powerful Strombolian explosion from the Voragine crater. The paroxysmal event generated a substantial
- [A new eruption in Iceland has commenced](https://extreme-pursuit.com/a-new-eruption-in-iceland-has-commenced/) - The volcanic eruption in Iceland, which commenced at 12:46 PM local time, was heralded by the formation of a fissure vent that rapidly extended to a length of approximately 3 kilometers. This fissure bisected the pre-existing volcanic cone formed during the previous eruption in the region. A prominent characteristic of the ongoing eruption is the
- [Eruption at Whakaari/White Island (New Zealand)](https://extreme-pursuit.com/eruption-at-whakaari-white-island-new-zealand/) - A minor volcanic eruption occurred at Whakaari/White Island on May 24, 2024, at approximately 08:20 NZST. The eruption manifested as a vigorous steam plume, observed via webcam and satellite imagery due to the absence of on-site sensors. Preliminary analysis suggests the absence of ash in the plume, and prevailing wind conditions indicate a low probability
- [Alert Level at Ibu Volcano raised to highest level](https://extreme-pursuit.com/alert-level-at-ibu-volcano-raised-to-highest-level/) - On May 16th, 2024, Indonesian authorities declared the highest alert level (Level 4) for Mount Ibu after weeks of escalating volcanic activity that began in late April. The 1,325-meter volcano, situated on Halmahera Island in North Maluku province, had been consistently spewing thick columns of gray ash and dark clouds as high as 5,000 meters
- [Second major eruption of Ruang](https://extreme-pursuit.com/second-major-eruption-of-ruang/) - On April 30th at 02.35 WITA, Indonesia's Mount Ruang volcano experienced a powerful eruption, its second major event within this month. The eruption generated a substantial ash plume that reached altitudes of nearly 30 kilometers. Observations revealed incandescent lava flows, pyroclastic activity, lapilli falling from the sky, deep rumbling and potential blazes affecting nearby communities.
- [Tofua Volcano (Tonga) High Thermal Anomalies](https://extreme-pursuit.com/tofua-volcano-tonga-high-thermal-anomalies/) - Significant developments are observed at Tofua Volcano (Tonga). While the lava pond/vents within the northern Lofia cone typically demonstrates persistent effusive eruptive activity, recent monitoring data indicates a series of high thermal anomalies (>200MW). Additionally, elevated levels of sulfur dioxide (SO2) have been detected, further supporting the intensified volcanic activity. The MODIS thermal signatures appeared
- [Forecasting a bioluminescent light show](https://extreme-pursuit.com/forecasting-a-bioluminescent-light-show/) - I often marvel when something happens that’s out of the ordinary. Being treated to blooms of bioluminescent algae which turn the ocean into a dazzling neon light show is otherworldly. Marine bioluminescence is a chemical reaction manifesting in the form of light that occurs when single-celled organisms called dinoflagellates are disturbed by a wave or
- [Accelerating Uplift at Campi Flegrei](https://extreme-pursuit.com/accelerating-uplift-at-campi-flegrei/) - Over the past couple of weeks, there has been an acceleration of ground deformation rates at Campi Flegrei, raising concerns about the potential for future eruptive activity. The Campi Flegrei volcanic caldera, located west of Naples, Italy, has a complex history of ground deformation characterised by periods of significant uplift. The most significant uplift events
- [Ambrym Volcano Erupts - April 21 2024](https://extreme-pursuit.com/breaking-ambrym-volcano-erupts/) - In a significant development, Ambrym Volcano on Ambrym Island in the Vanuatu archipelago has entered a new eruptive phase. Visual observations, including a distinctive incandescence from the Marum crater in webcam footage, confirm the presence of fresh lava flows. Residents report intense volcanic glow accompanied by powerful explosive activity. This eruption closely follows a prior
- [Ruang (Indonesia) Eruption](https://extreme-pursuit.com/ruang-indonesia-eruption/) - Mount Ruang Erupts Mount Ruang, a highly active volcano on a remote island of North Sulawesi province in Indonesia, has erupted again, spewing thick ash high into the atmosphere and posing a significant threat to surrounding areas. Authorities have raised the alert level to the highest possible category, and over 11,000 people have been evacuated
- [Mount Etna blows mesmerizing smoke rings](https://extreme-pursuit.com/mount-etna-blows-mesmerizing-smoke-rings/) - Mount Etna, Sicily's iconic volcano, is renowned for the formation of seemingly perfect smoke rings. Today, it delivered a mesmerizing performance, producing dozens of near perfectly formed rings. The 'smoke rings' of Etna, while appearing as delicate wisps of smoke, are technically vortex rings. A vortex ring is a donut-shaped structure of rotating fluid or
- [An overview of Geothermal Mud Features](https://extreme-pursuit.com/an-overview-of-geothermal-mud-features/) - An overview of Geothermal Mud Features Geothermal regions, characterized by the presence of subsurface heat, often present fascinating landscapes sculpted by the interaction of hot water, volcanic gases, and various geological materials. Mud features, including mud pools, mud pots, mud geysers, and mud volcanoes, offer a unique window into these dynamic processes, providing insights into
- [One of the most incredible pyroclastic flows ever caught on camera](https://extreme-pursuit.com/one-of-the-most-incredible-pyroclastic-flows-ever-caught-on-camera/) - On June 3rd, 1991, a catastrophic pyroclastic flow was triggered at Mount Unzen, Japan, following the collapse of a growing lava dome. This surge of superheated gas, volcanic ash, and debris rushed down the mountainside at immense speeds, extending up to 4.5 kilometers from its source. The devastating event resulted in the tragic loss of
- [Five days on top of the world's most active volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/five-days-on-top-of-the-worlds-most-active-volcano/) - I've just returned from a mini expedition to Vanuatu, spending five days on top of Mount Yasur - the most active volcano in the world. Our trip started with a 3 hour flight from Auckland to Port Vila. Passengers are often confused to see they are flying on Solomon Airlines rather than Air Vanuatu, but
- [Ambrym Volcano's Lava Lakes: A decade of fiery Geology](https://extreme-pursuit.com/ambrym-volcanos-lava-lakes-a-decade-of-fiery-geology/) - Ambrym Volcano is a remarkable wonder. Two imposing cones rise within a desert-like caldera and where molten lakes of lava churn within their depths. For the past decade, I’ve explored, studied and documented Ambrym volcano across 15 expeditions. It’s a notoriously difficult place to get to and equally difficult to survive once there. And it's
- [Is Mount Michael really the 8th lava lake?](https://extreme-pursuit.com/is-mount-michael-really-the-8th-lava-lake/) - In 2001, satellite imagery captured a thermal anomaly deep within Mount Michael’s crater, an active basaltic stratovolcano located on Saunders Island. In 2019 new research detailed further evidence pointing towards a persistent lava lake. But up until this point, no one had managed to reach the summit and observe the crater. Two years later, a
- [Expedition Iceland 2022](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-iceland-2022/) - Iceland has always been on our bucket list, but the prospect of flying for 36 hours or more to get there from New Zealand was a daunting (and costly) prospect. We made a pact that when a volcano erupts in Iceland, we'd go. And when lava started spewing out of the ground, we made true
- [Cyclone Gabrielle Chase](https://extreme-pursuit.com/cyclone-gabrielle-chase/) - Generally one or two extra-tropical cyclones impact New Zealand each season. I've chased many of them around the country over the years. Most bring rainfall and heavy winds, but widespread impacted is limited. Cyclone Gabrielle was the BIG exception and was one of the deadliest weather events to hit the country on record. A week
- [Expedition Indonesia 2022](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-indonesia-2022/) - Three volcanoes, three unbelievable adventures. The world is reopening and our expeditions are again in full swing. It’s a great feeling. Indonesia is home to more volcanoes than any other country in the world. Better still, many of them are active. Prior to Covid we would travel to Indonesia every year. It had been almost
- [Expedition Vanuatu 2022](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-vanuatu-2022/) - Spending an entire week on top of an active volcano and filming closer than ever before. Vanuatu finally announced the reopening of their borders and with that, Geoff Mackley, Justin Noonan and myself headed to Tanna Island, to spend an entire week at the top of Mt Yasur Volcano. Having been to Yasur Volcano on
- [Expedition to the Arctic](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-to-the-arctic/) - The Arctic Circle, Alaska / January 2020 After our expedition to Antarctica, we found ourselves compelled to visit the Arctic also. A land of beauty, desolation and frigid cold. Cold of -40 degrees C and below. And with a desire to push north was a far as possible, our limits were going to be tested
- [Waimangu (Raupo Pond) Hydrothermal Eruption](https://extreme-pursuit.com/waimangu-raupo-pond-hydrothermal-eruption/) - A vent located in the Raupo Pond Crater (Waimangu) has erupted for the first time in 35 years. We visited the eruption site and found mostly mud, water and steam had been ejected. Nearby vegetation had been mostly browned off, with very little destroyed. The floor of the crater was not warm. It was likely
- [Secret locations and phenomena in Auckland](https://extreme-pursuit.com/secret-locations-and-phenomena-you-will-never-believe-are-in-the-auckland-region/) - Over the past couple of years, I have combed through almost every stretch of the Auckland Region in search of some truly remarkable locations and phenomena. Places that Aucklander’s would never believe are in their own backyard. It’s been a journey stretching thousands of kilometres on foot, sometimes in the middle of the night. From
- [Ruapehu shows ongoing signs of unrest](https://extreme-pursuit.com/ruapehu-shows-ongoing-signs-of-unrest/) - Last week, Geonet raised Ruapehu's Volcanic Alert Level to Level 2. A new crater lake heating phase has begun, accompanied by strong volcanic seismicity. Ruapehu typically undergoes heating and cooling cycles, reaching upwards of 40°C before cooling to below 20°C. This pattern is not unusual. What is unusual is the rate of temperature increase considering
- [Chasing Cyclone Dovi](https://extreme-pursuit.com/chasing-cyclone-dovi/) - On February 8th, Tropical Cyclone 11P developed into a Cat 1 (Australian Scale) near Vanuatu and was named Dovi. After causing flooding and landslides in Vanuatu, Dovi began its march southwards, impacting New Caledonia. On February 10th, it was upgraded to a Cat 3. With all models suggesting that Dovi was on a collision course
- [Ambrym Reawakens](https://extreme-pursuit.com/ambrym-reawakens/) - Breaking news today - Ambrym Volcano (Vanuatu) has erupted. On Dec 15 2018, a large eruptive episode brought about the destruction of the famed lava lakes of Ambrym (Benbow and Marum). The prominent glows from each crater turned to darkness and all was silent. What was one of most incredible wonders of the world was
- [Hunga-Tonga-Hunga-Ha'apai Eruption](https://extreme-pursuit.com/hunga-tonga-hunga-haapai-eruption/) - When we landed on Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai back in 2016, we could have never foreseen that this unknown volcano in a remote stretch of the Pacific Ocean would be the site of one of the world’s biggest eruptions since Pinatubo - and make global headlines. For a summary of events on Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai prior
- [Post Ambrym Eruption Expedition](https://extreme-pursuit.com/post-ambrym-eruption-expedition/) - Ambrym Island, Vanuatu / April 2019 As documented previously, unprecedented geological events unfolded on Ambrym Island in December 2018 which ultimately brought about the destruction of the famed lava lakes. In April, we led the first expedition by foot to witness the dramatic changes. It's hard to express what has unfolded up there. The intra-caldera
- [Descending inside Benbow Crater - Vanuatu Expedition #2](https://extreme-pursuit.com/descending-inside-benbow-crater-vanuatu-expedition-2/) - Standing at the top of Benbow volcano and peering into the center of the world is the most exhilarating thing I've done to date. But could I go a step further, a big step further and actually descend into the crater and get as close as possible to the boiling pit of lava? I was
- [The Rock of Polynesia](https://extreme-pursuit.com/the-rock-of-polynesia/) - Exploring one of the World's smallest Nations, Niue, the Rock of Polynesia. A submerged atoll turned tropical paradise in the Pacific.
- [The lost eighth wonder of the world](https://extreme-pursuit.com/the-lost-eighth-wonder-of-the-world/) - The Pink and White Terraces, devastated by eruption and giving birth to the world’s youngest geothermal valley of Waimangu.
- [In awe at Mount Tarawera](https://extreme-pursuit.com/in-awe-at-mount-tarawera/) - Mount Tarawera was made up of series of rhyolitic lava domes that were fissured by a massive eruption in 1886. Today, the volcano sits silent and makes for an excellent hike to the summit.
- [Indonesian Expedition](https://extreme-pursuit.com/indonesian-expedition/) - Captivated by shaky ground, eruptions and blue lava while ascending the rumbling volcanoes of Indonesia. Late July, four of us headed to Indonesia to explore the majestic volcanoes (Rinjani, Ijen and Merapi) and witness an unexpected eruption (to our delight!). Our expedition begun with an early flight from Auckland, through to Sydney and then overnight in Bali. Next morning, we boarded the first
- [The lighthouse of the Pacific](https://extreme-pursuit.com/the-lighthouse-of-the-pacific-mount-yasur-tanna-island/) - Mt. Yasur, Tanna Island, Vanuatu / September 2016. The locals describe Mt. Yasur as hell in paradise. Like Captain Cook, attracted to the Island's glow during his voyage in 1774, my journey would take me far closer to this spellbinding hell. Mt. Yasur is a 361m high stratovolcano, located on Tanna Island, Vanuatu. It features a pyroclastic cone with a
- [The world's newest real-estate](https://extreme-pursuit.com/earths-newest-real-estate/) - An expedition to set foot on Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai The Kingdom Of Tonga / October 2016. I've always been fascinated in remote, uninhabited Islands. Part of the allure is the extreme challenge of making landfall. So, when I found out about a brand new volcanic island (Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai), I just had to go. Hunga Tonga-Hunga
- [Thailand Jungle Trekking](https://extreme-pursuit.com/thailand-jungle-trekking/) - Khao Sok National Park, Thailand / November 2016. In early November, I visited Thailand to trek the jungles of Khao Sok. Located in the Surat Thani Province, Khao Sok is the largest area of virgin forest in southern Thailand. The park has more biodiversity than the Amazon Basin and is home to wild elephants, tigers, gaurs, leopards and more. Our adventure started
- [Kaikoura Earthquake Report](https://extreme-pursuit.com/kaikoura-earthquake-report/) - On the 14th of November, 2016, a massive magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck the Kaikoura area. Two casualties have been reported and the devastation caused is beyond comprehension. Ruptures have occurred on multiple fault lines (at least ten at this stage) We grabbed our bags and bikes and caught a flight to Christchurch. My friend Geoff picked us
- [Chasing a Westland Storm](https://extreme-pursuit.com/chasing-a-westland-storm/) - After a weather "bomb" hit the South Island of New Zealand, another deep low followed, bigger than the first. MetService issued weather warnings with gale force winds and rain heavy enough to cause widespread flooding (120 to 160mm). Metvuw forecasted barometer pressure down to 980mb (equivalent to a CAT 1 Hurricane). The chase was on. We left Auckland, bound
- [Kaikoura Earthquake three months on](https://extreme-pursuit.com/kaikoura-earthquake-three-months-on/) - Kaikoura, New Zealand / February 2017. Almost three months to the date, Kaikoura is still feeling the effects of the massive 7.8 magnitude earthquake. After my initial visit, I decided to return to see how the recovery was progressing. During my last visit, Kaikoura was a ghost town, almost completely cut off from the outside world. Today,
- [The Eye of Cyclone Cook](https://extreme-pursuit.com/the-eye-of-cyclone-cook/) - Intercepting the Eye of Cyclone Cook as it tracks across the Pacific and makes landfall with ferocious winds and causes widespread flooding. Bay of Plenty, New Zealand / April 2017. Cyclone Cook formed near Vanuatu before tracking South-East making landfall in New Zealand (as an ex-Cyclone). Due to the severity of the storm, Schools were shut and people were told
- [Google Maps Capture](https://extreme-pursuit.com/google-maps-capture/) - Taking Google to capture the center of our fiery world in stunning 360 degree imagery. Come along on the adventure with us from your living room. Standing on the crater floor of Benbow Volcano watching lava surge sky-high had surpassed everything. It was the best show on earth. It was also perhaps the most extreme location
- [A ferocious winter storm](https://extreme-pursuit.com/a-ferocious-winter-storm/) - Tongariro National Park, New Zealand / July 2017. The forecast was grim. The worst storm of years to bear down on New Zealand bringing heavy snow and gales. Could this just be more sensationalism by news media? Either way, we packed up our storm chasing gear and make the 5 hr drive to Tongariro National Park. Unfortunately, bureaucracy
- [Expedition Indonesia 2017](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-indonesia-2017/) - EXPEDITION INDONESIA 2017: We're back. 12 flights, 3 boats, 3 volcanoes, a few dragons tamed and all crammed into a single week. What a trip! See our expedition video and summary below: Our marathon of flights commenced in Auckland with a half-day stopover in Sydney and onward to Indonesia. Our early morning departure from Auckland
- [Return To The Fire Expedition](https://extreme-pursuit.com/return-to-the-fire-expedition/) - Our fascination with volcanoes has became an obsession. They are an exquisite feature. Anyone who ventures near has felt a blazing sense of mother nature's disinterest in us. In small measures she exhilarates. In her full form she annihilates. On this expedition, we returned to Vanuatu, venturing ever closer to the blazing lava in pursuit
- [Antarctica - Extremes of Earth](https://extreme-pursuit.com/antarctica-extremes-of-earth/) - We're often venturing to the hottest places on Earth. But this time we've traded lava lakes for icebergs and journeying to Antarctica. On March 14, 2008 we departed Ushuaia (the southernmost city in the world) for a ten day expedition to Antarctica. Led by Dr. Alex Cowan, our voyage would take us across the Drake Passage,
- [Vanuatu: Extremes of Earth Expedition (HOT)](https://extreme-pursuit.com/vanuatu-extremes-of-earth-expedition-hot/) - Three days after returning from Antarctica to visit the coldest place on the planet, we repacked and headed bound for the hottest place on the planet – inside one of the most active volcanoes on the planet, Mt. Yasur. This was part of a challenge (and documentary we were filming) to visit the coldest and
- [Hawaii's Kilauea eruption and lava flows](https://extreme-pursuit.com/hawaiis-kilauea-eruption-and-lava-flows/) - On May 3rd, 2018, a fissure opened up in Leilani Estates (Puna District, Big Island) releasing lava. Over the coming days, more fissures opened up, spewing large volumes of lava skyward. Lava soon began to accumulate and flow towards the ocean. Fissure 8 continues to be the most vigorous, with fire fountaining extending beyond 200ft.
- [Anak Krakatau Expedition](https://extreme-pursuit.com/anak-krakatau-expedition/) - After Anak Krakatau (Son of Krakatoa) started erupting again, we quickly booked flights to Jakarta. We left Auckland on October 13 (Air NZ) with a short connection through Bali (Air Asia to Jakarta). We met fellow Kiwi, Geoff Mackley to discuss logistics etc. Next morning, we made a relatively easy drive out of Jakarta along
- [Expedition to Krakatau, post Tsunami](https://extreme-pursuit.com/anak-krakatau-post-eruption/) - In October 2018, we made our very first expedition to Anak Krakatau, Indonesia. During this expedition, we witnessed impressive vulcanian eruptions, often throwing lava bombs skyward. We made multiple landings and ventured far too close (as usual!). Two months later, a large part of the south-western cone gave way (and collapses undersea) causing a massive
- [How to see bioluminescence in the ocean](https://extreme-pursuit.com/how-to-see-bioluminescence-in-the-ocean/) - Ten years ago, I was out paddling in the Bay of Islands, New Zealand when I noticed a distinctive sparkle emitting from the ocean. I later learned that this was a microalgae that emits a bioluminescent blue glow when disturbed at night. I later witnessed this phenomenon again in Vanuatu and dreamed of somehow photographing
- [Expedition Vanuatu](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-vanuatu/) - Ambrym Island, Vanuatu / August 2015 I had been surfing YouTube when I came across footage that blew my mind. A lake of lava the size of two football fields, churning away at the bottom of a massive volcanic crater. Seeing this immediately reignited my passion to travel. I had become bored of “tourist” holidays
- [The firehose of Hawaii](https://extreme-pursuit.com/the-firehose-of-hawaii/) - Big Island, Hawaii / March 2017 After a dramatic sea cliff collapse on Hawaii’s Big Island, a rare “‘firehose” of lava began pouring out of a cliff and into the Pacific Ocean. Seeing the photos, we knew it was rare and likely to stop at any moment and so, we had to get there, and
- [Cyclone Alert: Cyclone Donna](https://extreme-pursuit.com/cyclone-alert-the-system-developing-near-vanuatu-is-now-cyclone-donna/) - On May 5th, a disturbance near Vanuatu intensified and became Cyclone Donna. Her intensity rapidly increased,developing into a massive Cat 5 - as powerful as it gets. Thankfully, it was well away from any land. Over the next few days, Donna tracked between Vanuatu and New Caledonia, before heading south towards New Zealand. While weakening rapidly, Donna converged with
- [Stormy weather in Tongariro National Park](https://extreme-pursuit.com/stormy-weather-in-tongariro-national-park/) - Tongariro National Park, New Zealand / November 2017. Four weeks back, we journeyed to Tongariro National Park to hike the Northern Circuit. This track is one of New Zealand’s great walks (I’ve got one more to complete!). The Northern Circuit starts and ends in Whakapapa and encompasses much of the (more popular) Tongariro Crossing. With fine
- [Anak Krakatau - Cone collapse and tsunami](https://extreme-pursuit.com/2335/) - A large part of the south-western cone of Krakatau appears to have given way. This and probable collapses undersea have caused a massive displacement of water. One theory suggests this resulted from recent lava flows combining with accumulated material over many decades. This created a tipping point and ultimately caused the collapse. This may have
- [Ongoing earthquake swarm near White Island, NZ](https://extreme-pursuit.com/ongoing-earthquake-swarm-near-white-island-new-zealand/) - A swarm of earthquakes near White Island, New Zealand started on May 23 and have continued for over a week. More than 400 earthquakes have been recorded with the largest magnitude of 3.9 recorded on May 25 at 18:16:14 UTC. Geonet believe the earthquakes are tectonic in nature and unrelated to magmatic activity, however could
- [Expedition Guatemala](https://extreme-pursuit.com/expedition-guatemala/) - Guatemala / August 2019 Guatemala, you put on an out-of-this-world show for us! Eruptions, lava flows and a spine-chilling electrical storm. A couple weeks back, we arrived in Guatemala to explore the volcanoes of Fuego and Pacaya. We ended up getting caught up in a massive electrical storm which made global headlines. We're all safe
- [White Island Eruption](https://extreme-pursuit.com/white-island-eruption/) - White Island, New Zealand / December 2019 At exactly 2.11pm on Dec 9, an unforeseen phreatic eruption occurred on White Island. Tragically, a number of tourists were in the direct impact zone at the time of the eruption. At present, eight people have died, a further eight are missing (presumed dead) and 31 are critically
- [Ruapehu Volcanic Alert Level lifted to Level 2](https://extreme-pursuit.com/ruapehu-volcanic-alert-level-lifted-to-level-2/) - GNS has raised the alert level of Ruapehu to Level 2 after a combination of crater lake heating, seismicity and gas emissions. Crater lake heating to 43 °C The crater lake regularly goes through a heating and cooling cycle. Since 2003, the lake’s temperature has risen above 40 °C six times before cooling to approx
- [Six hours, three quakes, three tsunami warnings](https://extreme-pursuit.com/5-hours-three-quakes-multiple-tsunami-warnings/) - Wow, what a day here in New Zealand! At 2.27am, I was abruptly woken by a deep rolling quake that lasted over a minute. Normally, noticing such quakes in Auckland means a much larger earthquake has struck somewhere within the usual seismic hotspots of New Zealand. My Geonet app buzzed shortly after, indicating that indeed
- [Another stunning neon blue show of bioluminescence](https://extreme-pursuit.com/another-stunning-neon-blue-show-of-bioluminescence/) - I had just sat down to relax after a long hike when my phone started buzzing. Reports from my fellow "bio hunters" came flooding in that Tindall's Beach (Auckland's Hibiscus Coast) was glowing blue. This was unusual as normally bioluminescence is only present during the warmer summer months and post a major storm. Neither of
- [Super blood moon and lunar eclipse](https://extreme-pursuit.com/super-blood-moon-and-lunar-eclipse/) - Te Kauwhata, New Zealand / May 2021 Just back from a very late one, filming the super blood moon and lunar eclipse. After a nervous week with cloud cover threatening to spoil the show, we decided to base ourselves just south of Auckland and away from the light pollution. We picked the perfect spot -
- [Abseiling into the Lost World](https://extreme-pursuit.com/abseiling-into-the-lost-world/) - An unbelievable adventure abseiling over 100 meters into the Lost World Cave. A friend and myself travelled to the Waitomo area of New Zealand to explore the Lost World Cave. After rigging up, we carefully abseiled over 100 meters to the cave floor. It was absolutely massive, magical and out of this world. We then
- [Tornado rips through South Auckland](https://extreme-pursuit.com/tornado-rips-through-south-auckland/) - A freak tornado ripped through the suburb of Papatoetoe, Auckland, New Zealand this morning. Multiple houses have been destroyed, roofs lifted and powerlines down everywhere. Local residents explained at about 8.30am there was a huge clap of thunder, followed by roofs lifting and debris flying all over the place. One person has been killed. Photos
- [Ruapehu Crater Lake at highest temp since 2000](https://extreme-pursuit.com/ruapehu-crater-lake-at-highest-temp-since-2000/) - After reporting that lake heating had stopped, GNS has issued another bulletin warning that the temperature continues to rise. Ruapehu's Crater Lake is now at 44 °C. This is the hottest reading since the new lake formed back in the year 2000. This increased temperature is evident with Mirova's middle infrared radiation monitoring which has recorded a number of hot spots over
- [Lightning over Auckland](https://extreme-pursuit.com/lightning-over-auckland/) - The sky put on a dramatic, yet brief lightning show tonight. I got out and took a few pics. This one made it onto the NZ Herald
- [Eight for Eight. How I enjoy eight overseas holidays a year for $8k.](https://extreme-pursuit.com/eight-for-eight-how-i-enjoy-eight-overseas-holidays-a-year-for-8k/) - OK, so the headline sounds like something out of an infomercial. But there’s truth in this claim. I’m on track to enjoy eight amazing overseas holidays and spend just $8k in the process. But wait, there’s more. This is all while working full time. “When did you quit your job” is often the first question
- [Overseas holidays for a dime. How to find “super sale” airfares.](https://extreme-pursuit.com/overseas-holidays-for-a-dime-how-to-find-super-sale-airfares/) - Airfares are often the biggest expense of overseas travel. They're also price-volatile. But one thing’s for certain: The passengers beside me, in front of me and behind me aren't paying the same for the same ticket. Know where you're going and who can take you there Start by researching every Airline that can whisk you to
- [7.1 magnitude quake strikes the East Cape, NZ. Tsunami warning issued](https://extreme-pursuit.com/7-1-magnitude-quake-strikes-the-east-cape-nz-tsunami-warning-issued/) - New Zealand / September 2016. A large earthquake has struck off the northeast coast of New Zealand at 4.37 a.m. No major damage at this time, however a Tsunami warning has been issued.
- [Ruapehu volcanic gas increases, alert level increases to 2](https://extreme-pursuit.com/ruapehu-volcanic-gas-increases-alert-level-increases-to-2/) - The Volcano Alert Level has increase from 1 to 2 The Aviation Colour Code has changed to yellow Moderate levels of volcanic tremor continue The crater lake temperature continues to rise (45 ºC) Carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) outputs have increased
- [Almost taken out by a massive wave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/almost-taken-out-by-a-massive-wave/) - Great afternoon exploring some of the Te Henga Coastline here in Auckland. We look advantage of an unusually low tide, but ended up getting a little too close for comfort. Always be safe in and around water. Know your limits!
- [Dropping (and frying) my GoPro in a lava lake](https://extreme-pursuit.com/dropping-and-frying-my-gopro-in-a-lava-lake/) - During my last Volcanic Expedition (led by Geoff Mackley) to Ambrym Island, we stumbled across a new lava lake. Unlike Marum and Benbow, we could hear the roaring lake below, but couldn't see it. So, with a 100 meters of wire, we attached my GoPro and lowered it down. While the lava lake was a further 100m
- [Volcanic earthquakes beneath the Crater Lake of Ruapehu](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanic-earthquakes-beneath-the-crater-lake-of-ruapehu/) - GNS have just issued a Volcano Alert Bulletin, warning of a swarm of earthquakes occuring directly beneath the Crater Lake of Mt Ruapehu. The Crate Lake temperature has also risen from 25 °C to 40 °C, however such increases have been observed previously without any eruptive activity. No other changes have been recorded (volcanic gas, lake chemistry or
- [Minor White Island eruption, Wed 27/16 @ 9:50 pm](https://extreme-pursuit.com/minor-white-island-eruption/) - UPDATE: The Volcanic Alert Level has been lowered to 2 as there have been no further eruptions. White Island remains in a state of moderate to heightened unrest. Alert Status: Volcanic Alert Level raised to 3 Aviation Colour Code: Orange White Island Volcano, located in the Bay of Plenty New Zealand, has erupted this Wednesday 27 2016 at

## Pages

- [Fullpage Slider](https://extreme-pursuit.com/)
- [Ambrym](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/vanuatu/ambrym/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Vanuatu Volcanoes/Ambrym Ambrym, a large basaltic shield volcano located in Malampa Province within the archipelago of Vanuatu, is renowned for its persistent volcanic activity. Its 12-kilometer-wide caldera formed in a significant Plinian eruption approximately 1900 years ago. Within this caldera, the cones of Marum and Benbow hosted near-continuous lava lakes (prior
- [Ambae](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/vanuatu/ambae/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Vanuatu Volcanoes/Ambae Ambae, also known as Aoba, is a volcanic island located in the South Pacific nation of Vanuatu. It is a shield volcano, meaning it has a broad, flat shape with gentle slopes. It is one of the most active volcanoes in Vanuatu, with over 50 recorded eruptions since the
- [Te Kopia](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/te-kopia/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Te Kopia Te Kopia is located 40 kilometres south of Rotorua and is situated along the Paeroa Fault scarp. The reserve's geothermal system is part of the larger Taupo Volcanic Zone. Dominating the landscape is the Te Kopia scarp - the visible face of the Paeroa Fault.
- [Ghostly forest mud pot](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/ghostly-forest-mud-pot/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Ghostly forest mud pot This mud pot is within a remote forested area. Reaching a depth of roughly 3 metres, the mud pot is distinguished by its strikingly white mud. The clay significantly impacts the color. When hot spring water or acidic geothermal fluids break down volcanic rocks, they form
- [Sulphur stained mud tongue](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/sulphur-stained-mud-tongue/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Sulphur stained mud tongue This little mud cone and its long tongue formed right on the edge of a large mud volcano. The surface is covered in deep cracks from all the shifting heat and gas pressure underneath, and those yellow patches are actually sulphur left behind by the hot
- [Ethereal turquoise mineral stream](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/ethereal-turquoise-mineral-stream/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Ethereal turquoise mineral stream This small stream has a deep, glowing turquoise that feels way too vibrant for a natural stream. The stream's color comes from a mix of minerals like copper, sulphur and silica. It's also home to specialised bacteria and algae that live in the heat. The water
- [White mud volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/white-mud-volcano/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../White mud volcano This mud volcano, while not the largest (7 meters wide and 2 meters high), is undoubtedly the most visually stunning in the country (in my opinion!). You don't usually see something this white and it really stands out from the others. Within its crater, bubbling mud boils.
- [Silica colour palette](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/silica-colour-palette/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Silica colour palette The colors in this images come from a mix of minerals and heat-loving life, primarily containing silica sinter, a feature formed by the precipitation of dissolved silica from hot spring water. The green patches are possibly thermophilic microorganisms like cyanobacteria and algae. They contain chlorophyll and carotenoid
- [Vigorous black hydrothermal pool](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/vigorous-black-hydrothermal-pool/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Vigorous black hydrothermal pool This feature is one of many similar geothermal pools within the area, characterised by its deep, charcoal black colouration and vigorous activity. There is very intense heating and gas release, with geysering. The gas-charged water surges to a height of approx one meter. The dark color
- [January 2026](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/monthly-volcano-news/january-2026/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Monthly Volcano News/January 2026 Mount Etna On January 1, 2026, a significant flank eruption began on the eastern slope of Italy’s Mount Etna. A fissure vent opened in the Valle del Bove at an altitude of approximately 2,100 meters, with lava flows advancing down to 1,420 meters within the first 48
- [Zhupanovsky](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/russia/zhupanovsky/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Russia Volcanoes/Zhupanovsky Zhupanovsky is an active compound volcano located in Kamchatka, Russia. The 2,958m volcano consists of 4 overlapping stratovolcanoes along the WNW-trending ridge. Three of the four stratovolcanoes were built during the Pleistocene, while the fourth is Holocene. The volcano erupted between 2013 and 2016 after 54 years of inactivity.
- [White Island](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/white-island/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/White Island White Island is a 321m high stratovolcano located in the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. It is known for its spectacular crater with sulphur deposits and strong hydrothermal activity. At exactly 2.11pm on Dec 9, an unforeseen phreatic eruption occurred on White Island. Tragically, a
- [Volcán de Fuego](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/guatemala/volcan-de-fuego/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Guatemala Volcanoes/Volcán de Fuego Volcan de Fuego is a 3,763m active stratovolcano situated in Guatemala. It is almost constantly active. In 2018, a sudden flank eruption produced its most powerful eruption since 1974. Dozens of people were killed in a pyroclastic flow and lahar. Location: Guatemala Coordinates: 14.475260, -90.880647 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano
- [Volcán de Colima](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/mexico/volcan-de-colima/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Mexico Volcanoes/Volcán de Colima Volcan de Colima is an active 3,850m stratovolcano located in western Mexico. It is one of the most dangerous volcanoes in North America. Colima has erupted more than 30 times since 1585. Its largest eruption in many years occurred in 2005. Location: Colima, Mexico Coordinates: 19.513009, -103.617068
- [Villarrica](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/chile/villarrica/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Chile Volcanoes/Villarrica Villarrica volcano, located in southern Chile's Lake District, stands as one of the most active volcanoes in South America. This imposing stratovolcano is distinguished by its near-perfect conical form and a persistently active lava lake within its summit crater. Villarrica's frequent eruptions, characterized by strombolian explosions and lava flows,
- [Ulawun](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/papua-new-guinea/ulawun/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Papua New Guinea Volcanoes/Ulawun Ulawun, located in the West New Britain Province of Papua New Guinea, is a highly active basaltic and andesitic stratovolcano. It is renowned as one of the most hazardous volcanoes within the Decade Volcanoes program due to its frequent eruptions and proximity to human settlements. Location: West
- [Ubinas](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/peru/ubinas/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Peru Volcanoes/Ubinas Ubinas is an active stratovolcano located in southern Peru. The 5,572m high volcano has holocene lava flows covering its flanks. Ubinas comprises of two edifices that separate two major periods of its eruptive behaviour. Ubinas volcano erupted in 2014. Location: Moquegua Region, Peru Coordinates: -16.354354, -70.903150 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano
- [Turrialba](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/costa-rica/turrialba/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Costa Rica Volcanoes/Turrialba Turrialba is Costa Rica's easternmost volcano. The 3,340m high volcano is a large stratovolcano with a complex of three summit craters. Location: Central Costa Rica Coordinates: 10.018557, -83.765008 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano Turrialba's Location Turrialba's Latest Status 2026: Ongoing low-level unrest and a slight increase in sulfur
- [Tungurahua](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/ecuador/tungurahua/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Ecuador Volcanoes/Tungurahua Tungurahua is an active stratovolcano located in Ecuador. The 5,023m high volcano is one of the most active volcanoes in South America. Since 2000, a new lava dome has been developing in its summit crater. Its historical eruptions have all been accompanied by strong explosions. Location: Andes, Ecuador Coordinates:
- [Tofua](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/tonga/tofua/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Tonga Volcanoes/Tofua Tofua volcano is classified as a large stratovolcano, also described as a steep-sided composite cone. A defining feature of Tofua is its prominent summit caldera, a large, basin-shaped depression formed by the collapse of the volcanic edifice following a major eruption, taking place between 1044 and 1158 CE. Within
- [Tambora](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/tambora/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Tambora Mount Tambora, located on the island of Sumbawa in Indonesia, is a stratovolcano renowned for its catastrophic eruption in 1815. This eruption stands as the largest in recorded history, ejecting a staggering volume of ash and debris into the atmosphere. The resulting volcanic winter led to global climate anomalies,
- [Taal](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/philippines/taal/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Philippines Volcanoes/Taal Taal Volcano is one of the most iconic and active volcanoes in the Philippines. Located on the island of Luzon, it is famous for its crater lake and cone-shaped appearance. The volcano is classified as a complex volcano, meaning it is composed of multiple volcanic vents and craters. Taal
- [Suwanosejima](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/japan/suwanosejima/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Japan Volcanoes/Suwanosejima Suwanosejima is one of Japan’s and world’s most active volcanoes. The 796m high volcano has been in a state of almost-continuous strombolian eruption since 1949. After its largest historical eruption that took place in 1813 to 1814, the island remained uninhabited for about 70 years. Location: East China Sea,
- [Stromboli](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/italy/stromboli/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Italy Volcanoes/Stromboli Stromboli is a 926m high active stratovolcano located on Eolian Island, Italy. It is among the most famous volcanoes in the world and it is known for its regular explosions throwing out glowing lava from many vents inside its summit crater. Its most violent eruptions occurred in 1919, 1930,
- [Shiveluch](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/russia/shiveluch/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Russia Volcanoes/Shiveluch Shiveluch is an active stratovolcano and one of the largest volcanoes in Kamchatka. The 3,283m high volcano has a history of violent eruptions. Catastrophic eruptions occurred in 1854 and 1956, when a big part of the lava dome collapsed. Location: Kamchatka, Russia Coordinates: 56.654233, 161.361810 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano
- [Shinmoedake](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/japan/shinmoedake/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Japan Volcanoes/Shinmoedake Shimoedake is an active volcano located in Kyushu, Japan. The volcano's most recent and the largest eruption occurred in March, 2018, grounding flights as the sky filled with volcanic ash and smoke. Location: Kyūshū, Japan Coordinates: 31.910210, 130.886323 Volcano Type: Shield Shimoedake's Location Shimoedake's Latest Status 2026:
- [Semeru](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/semeru/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Semeru Semeru is one of the most active volcanoes in Indonesia. It is located in East Java, Indonesia. The 3,676m stratovolcano is also called Mahameru (The Great Mountain) and remains the highest volcano on Java. The volcano is popular for its regular ash explosions. Location: East Java, Indonesia Coordinates: -8.106974,
- [Savo Island](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/solomon-islands/savo-island/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Solomon Islands Volcanoes/Savo Island Savo Island, situated in the Solomon Islands archipelago, is a dormant stratovolcano displaying a classic conical morphology. Savo's geological history includes periods of both effusive and explosive activity, with evidence of past lava flows and pyroclastic deposits. While significant eruptions have not occurred in recent times, the
- [Santa María](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/guatemala/santa-maria/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Guatemala Volcanoes/Santa María Santa Maria is an active stratovolcano located in southwestern Guatemala. The volcano has produced one of the twentieth century’s largest eruptions. For thousand years, Santa Maria’s eruptions have been relatively small but frequent, causing it to build a large cone of approx 1,400m Location: Quetzaltenango, Guatemala Coordinates: 14.756985,
- [Sangeang Api](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/sangeang-api/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Sangeang Api Sangeang Api is an active volcano consisting of 2 overlapping cones: 1,795m Doro Mantoi and 1,949, Doro API. This active complex volcano is located on the island of Sangeang, Indonesia. The last major eruption occurred in 2014, which prompted many airlines to cancel flights into some territories. Location:
- [Sangay](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/ecuador/sangay/)
- [San Miguel](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/el-salvador/san-miguel/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/El Salvador Volcanoes/San Miguel San Miguel volcano, also known as Chaparrastique, is an active stratovolcano located in eastern El Salvador. It is characterised by a symmetrical cone rising to an elevation of 2,130 meters, making it one of the country's most prominent landmarks. Composed primarily of basaltic andesite, San Miguel has
- [San Cristóbal](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/nicaragua/san-cristobal/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Nicaragua Volcanoes/San Cristóbal San Cristobal is an active and the highest stratovolcano in Nicaragua. When the Spanish first observed it in 1528, it was sending smoke during the day and flames at night. It contains a 500 x 600m wide crater with several lava domes. The volcano buried a village during
- [Sakurajima](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/japan/sakurajima/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Japan Volcanoes/Sakurajima Sakurajima is one of the world’s most active volcanoes. The stratovolcano is located in Kyushu, Japan. It is currently one of the few volcanoes with constant eruptions. Its typical activity ranges from strombolian to large ash explosions. Location: Kyushu, Japan Coordinates: 31.583926, 130.649965 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano Sakurajima's Location
- [Ruapehu](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/ruapehu/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Ruapehu Ruapehu is a stratovolcano and is the largest active volcano in New Zealand (2,797 m). It is located within the Tongariro National Park and is part of the Taupo Volcanic Zone. Ruapehu, as it stands today, is the result of successive layers of lava and ash
- [Ruang](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/ruang/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Ruang Ruang Volcano, located in the Sangihe Arc, Indonesia, is a stratovolcano that has been actively erupting since 1966. With a summit elevation of 725 meters (2,379 ft) above sea level, it is a prominent feature in the archipelago. Ruang Volcano is known for its explosive eruptions, which have produced
- [Rinjani](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/rinjani/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Rinjani Mount Rinjani, located on the Indonesian island of Lombok, is an active stratovolcano known for its scenic beauty and geological significance. It features a large caldera containing the striking Segara Anak crater lake and the relatively young Barujari cone, which remains intermittently active. Location: Lombok, Indonesia Coordinates: -8.412020, 116.457731
- [Rincón de la Vieja](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/costa-rica/rincon-de-la-vieja/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Costa Rica Volcanoes/Rincón de la Vieja Rincon de la Vieja is one of the most active volcanoes in Costa Rica. It is an active andesitic complex volcano which stands 1,916 metres above sea level. Rincon de la Vieja has a large number of hot springs and fumaroles on its slope. It
- [Reykjanes Peninsula](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/iceland/reykjanes-peninsula/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Iceland Volcanoes/Reykjanes Peninsula The Reykjanes Peninsula, located in southwestern Iceland, is a geologically active region straddling the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a divergent tectonic boundary. Its volcanic history spans thousands of years, with eruptive episodes characterized by effusive lava flows, the formation of shield volcanoes, and occasional explosive activity. Location: Iceland Coordinates: 63.889851,
- [Reventador](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/ecuador/reventador/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Ecuador Volcanoes/Reventador Reventador is an active stratovolcano located in Ecuador. It has erupted more than 25 times, although most of its eruptions have gone unreported because of its isolated location. The 3562m high volcano’s largest eruption occurred in 2002 when the plume from it reached a height of 17 km and
- [Redoubt](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/united-states/redoubt/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/United States Volcanoes/Redoubt Mt. Redoubt, a prominent stratovolcano in south-central Alaska, is characterised by its steep, glacier-clad slopes. This volcano, built by layers of lava and volcanic debris, poses a significant hazard due to its explosive eruptions and the potential for lahars (volcanic mudflows) generated by the interaction of hot volcanic
- [Raung](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/raung/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Raung Raung is one of Indonesia’s most active volcanoes. It is located on the island of Java. Raung is a 3332m high unvegetated stratovolcano with a 2 km caldera. It is the tallest volcano of its kind and has recorded at least six deadly eruptions. Location: Java, Indonesia Coordinates: -8.125211,
- [Rabaul](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/papua-new-guinea/rabaul/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Papua New Guinea Volcanoes/Rabaul Rabaul volcano, located on the Gazelle Peninsula in East New Britain, Papua New Guinea, is a complex caldera system renowned for its frequent and often destructive eruptions. The caldera encompasses several sub-vents, the most prominent being Tavurvur, known for its repeated activity. The volcano's history is marked
- [Puyehue-Cordón Caulle](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/chile/puyehue-cordon-caulle/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Chile Volcanoes/Puyehue-Cordón Caulle The Puyehue-Cordón Caulle volcanic complex in the Andes Mountains of southern Chile is composed of the Puyehue stratovolcano and the Cordón Caulle fissure system. Its rhyolitic magma composition leads to explosive eruptions and the production of pyroclastic flows. The 2011-2012 eruption from the Cordón Caulle fissure ejected substantial
- [Popocatépetl](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/mexico/popocatepetl/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Mexico Volcanoes/Popocatépetl Popocatepetl is one of the most active volcanoes in Mexico. After 50 years without activity, Popocatepetl came back to life in 1994. Since then, it has been producing powerful eruptions at irregular intervals. As a giant stratovolcano, it is the second highest volcano in Mexico at 5,426 metres. Location:
- [Poás](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/costa-rica/poas/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Costa Rica Volcanoes/Poás Poas is an active 2,708m stratovolcano located in Costa Rica. It is one of the most active volcanoes in Costa Rica and has erupted more than 40 times. The Poas volcano’s latest eruption occurred in 2017, with widespread evacuations. Location: Poas Volcano National Park. Costa Rica Coordinates: 10.198474,
- [Planchón-Peteroa](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/chile/planchon-peteroa/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Chile Volcanoes/Planchón-Peteroa Planchón-Peteroa is a complex volcanic system in the Andes Mountains, featuring multiple overlapping calderas and volcanic edifices. It has a long history of eruptions, with activity spanning thousands of years. The complex includes Volcán Planchón, Volcán Peteroa, and Volcán Azufre, each with distinct characteristics. Known for past caldera-forming eruptions
- [Piton de la Fournaise](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/reunion/piton-de-la-fournaise/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Réunion Volcanoes/Piton de la Fournaise Piton de la Fournaise is an active basaltic shield volcano situated on the French Island of La Reunion. The 2,631m volcano is one of the most active volcanoes in the world. It has recorded over 150 eruptions which have produced fluid basaltic lava flows. Location: Reunion
- [Pavlof](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/united-states/pavlof/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/United States Volcanoes/Pavlof Pavlof is one of North America’s most active volcanoes. It has erupted at least twenty-four times in the last century. It is a stratovolcano, part of the Aleutian Range and located in the Alaska Peninsula, USA. Location: Aleutian Islands, Alaska Coordinates: 55.424631, -161.893025 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano Pavlof's
- [Pacaya](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/guatemala/pacaya/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Guatemala Volcanoes/Pacaya Pacaya is an active complex volcano in Guatemala. Pacaya has been erupting continuously since its violent eruption in 1965. It is one of the most active volcanoes in Guatemala and its frequent eruptions are often visible from Guatemala City. Location: Near Guatemala City, Guatemala Coordinates: 14.382899, -90.601607 Volcano Type:
- [Osorno](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/chile/osorno/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Chile Volcanoes/Osorno Osorno Volcano, a majestic stratovolcano in Chile's Los Lagos region, stands as a prominent landmark with its perfectly symmetrical cone and year-round snowcapped peak. Reaching an elevation of 2,652 meters (8,701 feet), it has been revered by indigenous communities for centuries. Osorno's recorded history reveals numerous eruptions, the most
- [Ol Doinyo Lengai](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/tanzania/ol-doinyo-lengai/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Tanzania Volcanoes/Ol Doinyo Lengai Ol Doinyo Lengai, situated in northern Tanzania's Gregory Rift Valley, is a globally unique volcano distinguished by its natrocarbonatite lava. This exceptionally low-viscosity and low-temperature lava (approximately 500-600°C) produces remarkably fluid flows in contrast to the more common silicate magmas of other volcanoes. Ol Doinyo Lengai's eruptive
- [Nyamuragira](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/democratic-republic-of-the-congo/nyamuragira/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Democratic Republic of the.../Nyamuragira Nyamuragira volcano, located within the Virunga Mountains of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is a remarkably active basaltic shield volcano. Characterized by its low, broad profile, Nyamuragira boasts a 2 x 2.3 km summit caldera and numerous flank fissures and cinder cones. This geological marvel stands
- [Nishinoshima](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/japan/nishinoshima/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Japan Volcanoes/Nishinoshima Nishinoshima is a volcanic island located in southern Japan. Nishinoshima was enlarged during an erupting in 1974 and further enlarged in 2013 when another eruption occurred. Since the last eruption, the 700m wide island has grown to 2.63 km2. Location: Southeast of Tokyo, Japan Coordinates: 27.247388, 140.875453 Volcano Type:
- [Nevados de Chillán](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/chile/nevados-de-chillan/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Chile Volcanoes/Nevados de Chillán Nevados de Chillán is a volcanic complex in the Chilean Andes, made up of several stratovolcanoes including Cerro Blanco, Volcán Viejo, and the currently active Volcán Nuevo. This complex is known for its diverse eruptive activity, ranging from lava flows to explosive eruptions. The presence of a
- [Nevado del Ruiz](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/colombia/nevado-del-ruiz/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Colombia Volcanoes/Nevado del Ruiz Nevado del Ruiz is a stratovolcano located near the border of Caldas and Tolima, Colombia. The last major eruption was in 1985. A resulting lahar from this eruption killed over 23,000 people. Location: Caldas & Tolima, Colombia Coordinates: 4.892668, -75.318821 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano Nevado del Ruiz's
- [Mount Yasur](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/vanuatu/mount-yasur/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Vanuatu Volcanoes/Mount Yasur Mount Yasur is located on the island of Tanna, Vanuatu. It is one of the world’s most active and easily accessible volcanoes. The volcano is 361 metres above sea level with a largely unvegetated pyroclastic and nearly circular summit crater, 400 metres in diameter. Location: Tanna Island, Vanuatu
- [Mount Unzen](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/japan/mount-unzen/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Japan Volcanoes/Mount Unzen Mount Unzen is one of Japan’s most active and dangerous volcanoes. It is a volcanic group of many overlapping stratovolcanoes located on the Island of Kyushu. When one of the several lava domes collapsed in 1792, a megatsunami was triggered, killing 14,524 people. Location: Island of Kyushu, Japan Coordinates:
- [Mount Teide](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/spain/mount-teide/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Spain Volcanoes/Mount Teide Mount Teide, a stratovolcano on Tenerife in the Canary Islands, is a complex volcanic structure formed by multiple eruptions over millions of years. It is composed mainly of basaltic lavas and pyroclastic material. Teide's current cone sits within the remains of a much larger, ancient volcanic structure. The
- [Mount Taranaki](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/mount-taranaki/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Mount Taranaki Mount Taranaki (or Mount Egmont) is a stratovolcano located in the North Island of New Zealand. It rises to 2,518 meters and last erupted approximately 150 years ago. A secondary cone (Fanthams Peak) is the result of a flank eruption. Taranaki is considered dormant and will erupt
- [Mount St. Helens](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/united-states/mount-st-helens/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/United States Volcanoes/Mount St. Helens Mount St. Helens is an active stratovolcano located in Washington, United States. It is known for the deadly 1980 eruption which was one of the most destructive volcanic events in the United States recorded history. Mount St. Helens is geologically young compared to other major Cascade
- [Mount Sirung](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/mount-sirung/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Mount Sirung Mount Sirung is a frequently active volcano located on Pantar Island, Indonesia. It has a 2 km wide caldera with a large sulphurous crater lake. A number of phreatic eruptions have occurred from vents within the caldera. Location: Pantar Island, Indonesia Coordinates: -8.515775, 124.133235 Volcano Type: Complex volcano
- [Mount Sinabung](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/mount-sinabung/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Mount Sinabung Mount Sinabung is a stratovolcano located in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Until 2010, no previous eruptions were confirmed. The volcano is infamous for pyroclastic flows sweeping down its flanks. Location: North Sumatra, Indonesia Coordinates: 3.170355, 98.392541 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano Mount Sinabung's Location Fetching directions...... Reset directions Print directions
- [Mount Shishaldin](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/united-states/mount-shishaldin/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/United States Volcanoes/Mount Shishaldin Mount Shishaldin volcano is the highest and one of the Aleutian Island's most active volcanoes. The Shishaldin local name is Sisquk, which means “mountain which points the way when I am lost.” Location: Aleutian Islands, Alaska Coordinates: 54.754490, -163.970362 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano Mount Shishaldin's Location Fetching
- [Mount Shindake](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/japan/mount-shindake/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Japan Volcanoes/Mount Shindake Mount Shindake is a classic, active stratovolcano located on the island of Kuchinoerabu in southern Japan. The volcano has erupted several times and in 2015, the main crater erupted, prompting a level 5 alert level. Shindake is a cone-shaped volcano with alternating layers of fragmented deposit and lava
- [Mount Pinatubo](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/philippines/mount-pinatubo/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Philippines Volcanoes/Mount Pinatubo Pinatubo is an active stratovolcano situated in the Zambales Mountains, Philippines. It was not known for any eruption until its 1991 destructive eruption that produced the second-largest terrestrial eruption of 20th century. Location: Philippines Coordinates: 15.143581, 120.349428 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano Mount Pinatubo's Location Fetching directions...... Reset directions
- [Mount Nyiragongo](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/democratic-republic-of-the-congo/mount-nyiragongo/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Democratic Republic of the.../Mount Nyiragongo Nyiragongo, an active stratovolcano located within the Virunga National Park in the Democratic Republic of Congo, stands as one of Africa's most prominent and dangerous volcanoes. Its large, persistent lava lake is a unique characteristic, posing a significant hazard due to its potential for sudden drainage
- [Mount Cleveland](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/united-states/mount-cleveland/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/United States Volcanoes/Mount Cleveland Mount Cleveland is one of the most active, nearly symmetrical stratovolcanos in the central part of the Aleutian Islands, Alaska. It is also known as Cleveland Volcano and rises 1,730 metres high. Mount Cleveland's native name is Chuginadak, referring to the Aleut fire goddess. Location: Aleutian Islands,
- [Mount Michael](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/antarctica/mount-michael/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Antarctica Volcanoes/Mount Michael Mount Michael, a remote stratovolcano situated on Saunders Island in the South Sandwich Islands, is a geologically active feature of the southern Atlantic Ocean. This predominantly ice-covered volcano exhibits a persistent lava lake within its summit crater, a rare phenomenon observed in only a few volcanic systems worldwide.
- [Mount Merapi](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/mount-merapi/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Mount Merapi Mount Merapi is a steep stratovolcano located north of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It is the most active volcano in Indonesia, erupting on average every five to ten years. Merapi is also feared for its deadly pyroclastic flows. Location: Yogyakarta, Indonesia Coordinates: 7.540085, 110.445753 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano Mount Merapi's
- [Mount Mayon](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/philippines/mount-mayon/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Philippines Volcanoes/Mount Mayon Mount Mayon is a beautiful symmetrical volcano located in the province of Albay, Philippines. It has steep upper slopes averaging 35 to 40 degree capped by a small summit crater and remains the most active volcano in Philippines. The volcano is 2, 462 metres tall and geographically shared
- [Mount Hakone](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/japan/mount-hakone/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Japan Volcanoes/Mount Hakone Hakone volcano is a stratovolcano truncated by two overlapping calderas, the largest being 10 x 11 km wide. It is located 80 km SW of Tokyo, Japan and contains many young vents and lava domes. Location: Ashigarashimo, Japan Coordinates: 35.242600, 139.012059 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano Mount Hakone's Location
- [Mount Etna](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/italy/mount-etna/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Italy Volcanoes/Mount Etna Mount Etna, located on the eastern coast of Sicily, Italy, reigns as Europe's tallest and most active volcano. This iconic stratovolcano has shaped the landscape and influenced the lives of Sicilians for millennia. Its frequent eruptions, characterized by both effusive lava flows and explosive activity, provide a spectacle
- [Mount Erebus](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/antarctica/mount-erebus/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Antarctica Volcanoes/Mount Erebus Mount Erebus, a prominent stratovolcano on Ross Island, Antarctica, stands as Earth's southernmost active volcano. Reaching an elevation of 3,794 meters, it dominates the icy landscape. Mount Erebus is distinguished by its persistent lava lake, a rare feature among volcanoes globally. Its ongoing activity produces strombolian eruptions, gas
- [Mount Cameroon](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/cameroon/mount-cameroon/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Cameroon Volcanoes/Mount Cameroon Mount Cameroon is a very tall active volcano. It has a classic cone shape and is made up of layers of lava, ash, and volcanic mudflows. The volcano erupts often, both with flowing lava and explosive bursts. This poses a danger to people living nearby, mainly from lava,
- [Mount Asama](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/japan/mount-asama/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Japan Volcanoes/Mount Asama Mount Asama is a complex volcano situated in the main island of Japan. The most active volcano in Honshu stands 2,568 metres above sea level. Built up from non-alkali mafic and pyroclastic volcanic rocks, it is one of the 100 popular Japanese mountains. Location: Central Honshu, Japan Coordinates:
- [Mount Agung](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/mount-agung/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Mount Agung Mount Agung is a stratovolcano located on the Island of Bali, Indonesia, rising to 3031m. The volcano recently begun erupting again after 50 years of being dormant. This eruptive phase is ongoing. Location: Bali, Indonesia Coordinates: -8.342660, 115.507062 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano Mount Agung's Location Fetching directions...... Reset
- [Momotombo](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/nicaragua/momotombo/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Nicaragua Volcanoes/Momotombo Momotombo Volcano is a prominent stratovolcano located in Nicaragua on the western shores of Lake Managua. Rising to an elevation of 1,297 meters, its symmetrical cone and history of explosive activity make it one of the most notable volcanoes in Central America. Momotombo is part of the Central American
- [Mauna Loa](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/united-states/mauna-loa/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/United States Volcanoes/Mauna Loa Mauna Loa, the largest active volcano on Earth, is a shield volcano located on the Big Island of Hawaii. Its massive size comprises over half of the island's surface area. Mauna Loa's gently sloping form is characteristic of shield volcanoes, built by countless eruptions of low-viscosity basaltic
- [Masaya](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/nicaragua/masaya/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Nicaragua Volcanoes/Masaya Masaya Volcano, located in Nicaragua, is a basaltic shield volcano complex known for its persistent degassing and occasional lava lake activity. The volcano comprises a series of nested calderas and craters, with the currently active Santiago crater being the primary source of volcanic emissions. Masaya's gas plume, rich in
- [Marapi](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/marapi/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Marapi Mount Marapi, located in West Sumatra, Indonesia, is a highly active stratovolcano known for its frequent eruptions. Marapi's activity is characterized by phreatic (steam-driven) explosions, lava dome growth, and occasional pyroclastic flows, posing a significant threat to nearby populations. Due to its volatile nature, the volcano is under constant
- [Manam](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/papua-new-guinea/manam/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Papua New Guinea Volcanoes/Manam Manam is a 10 km wide volcanic island located in Papua New Guinea. It is one of the most active volcanoes in Guinea. Manam is a basaltic-andesitic stratovolcano and has one of the longest records of historic eruptions. While there is vegetation on its lower slopes, the
- [Lopevi](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/vanuatu/lopevi/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Vanuatu Volcanoes/Lopevi Lopevi Volcano, situated in the Shefa Province of Vanuatu, is a highly active stratovolcano rising to an elevation of approximately 1450 meters above sea level. Situated on the island of Lopevi, it presents a significant hazard due to its frequent eruptions. Lopevi's eruptive style is characterized by explosive activity,
- [Lokon](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/lokon/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Lokon Lokon-Empung is an active twin volcano in North Sulawesi, Indonesia, formed by two peaks, Lokon and Empung. Lokon is the more active peak, with a distinctive flat top and an active crater, Tompaluan, located on its flank. This crater is a deep explosion pit situated between the two peaks.
- [Llaima](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/chile/llaima/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Chile Volcanoes/Llaima Llaima volcano, a prominent stratovolcano in Chile's Araucanía Region, is one of the country's most active. Characterised by its conical shape and frequent Strombolian eruptions, Llaima exhibits a diverse range of volcanic activity, including lava flows, ashfall, and pyroclastic flows. Its history reveals a pattern of intermittent explosive events
- [Lewotolok](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/lewotolok/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Lewotolok Mount Ile Lewotolok, an active stratovolcano on Lembata Island, Indonesia, is characterised by its complex summit crater system and production of basaltic andesite and andesite lavas. Formed due to the subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate, Lewotolok has a history of diverse eruptive activity dating back
- [Lewotobi](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/lewotobi/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Lewotobi Lewotobi, an imposing stratovolcano located in the Flores region of Indonesia, is recognized for its twin summits, Lewotobi Laki-laki and Lewotobi Perempuan. This complex volcano has a history marked by frequent eruptions, often of an explosive nature. Eruptions typically manifest as ash plumes, pyroclastic flows, and the occasional generation
- [La Soufrière](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/saint-vincent-and-the-grenadines-volcanoes/la-soufriere/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Saint Vincent and the.../La Soufrière La Soufrière, a stratovolcano located on the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent, stands as the highest peak in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. A notable feature is its crater lake. La Soufrière maintains a volatile history, with documented eruptions as early as 1718 and continuing intermittently
- [La Palma](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/spain/la-palma/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Spain Volcanoes/La Palma La Palma, in the Canary Islands, experienced a major volcanic eruption in 2021 (Cumbre Vieja Ridge). This eruption, lasting for months, was the longest known eruption on the island. It produced lava flows, ash plumes, and volcanic bombs, causing significant damage. The lava flows reached the sea, creating
- [Krakatoa](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/krakatoa/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Krakatoa Krakatoa was an active volcanic island located in the Sunda Strait, Indonesia. Krakatoa was one of the most violent volcanic events in the history of volcanoes, blowing itself to pieces. Since 1927, the island has slowly been rebuilding itself over successive eruptions (Anak Krakatau). In 2017, the volcano was
- [Kīlauea (Hawaii)](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/united-states/kilauea-hawaii/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/United States Volcanoes/Kīlauea (Hawaii) Kilauea is an active shield volcano located on Hawaiian Island and it is also the most active among the 5 volcanoes that form the Island of Hawaii. Kilauea has been in a constant state of eruption since 1983. The volcano rises above 1,227 metres above sea level.
- [Kavachi](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/solomon-islands/kavachi/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Solomon Islands Volcanoes/Kavachi Kavachi volcano, located in the Solomon Islands, is a remarkable example of a shallow submarine volcano. Situated on the complex tectonic boundary between the converging Pacific and Australian plates, Kavachi displays frequent phreatomagmatic eruptive activity driven by the interaction of seawater with rising magma. These eruptions are characterized
- [Katla Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/iceland/katla/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Iceland Volcanoes/Katla Volcano Katla is an active volcano located in Southern Iceland, erupting more than 20 times in recorded history. It is large at 9 x 14 km subglacial caldera and remains one of the most dangerous volcanoes in Iceland. Katla’s height is 1380 metres. Location: Southern Iceland Coordinates: 63.647016, -19.130378
- [Karymsky Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/russia/karymsky/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Russia Volcanoes/Karymsky Volcano Karymsky is the most active stratovolcano of Kamchatka’s eastern volcanic zone. It is located on the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia and it remains one of the world’s volcanoes with persistent activity. Much of its cone is surrounded by lava flows. Location: Kamchatka, Russia Coordinates: 54.050428, 159.432694 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano
- [Karangetang Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/karangetang/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Karangetang Volcano Karangetang is a stratovolcano located in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Having erupted more than 40 times, it is one of Indonesia’s most active volcanoes. Karangetang is notorious for producing dangerous pyroclastic flows and building lava domes. Location: Sulawesi, Indonesia Coordinates: 2.781613, 125.405496 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano Karangetang's Location Fetching directions......
- [Kanlaon](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/philippines/kanlaon/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Philippines Volcanoes/Kanlaon Kanlaon Volcano, a prominent andesitic stratovolcano, dominates the Negros Island landscape in the Philippines, reaching an elevation of 2,465 meters. Classified as an active volcano, it exhibits a history of predominantly phreatic eruptions, characterised by the expulsion of steam and ash driven by the interaction of magma with groundwater.
- [Kadovar Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/papua-new-guinea/kadovar/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Papua New Guinea Volcanoes/Kadovar Volcano Kadovar is a volcanic island located in Papua New Guinea. Thought to be extinct, Kadovar became active on 5 January 2018 devastating the island and forcing the evacuation of its population. Location: East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea Coordinates: -3.606129, 144.588929 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano Kadovar's Location:
- [Ijen](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/ijen/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Ijen The Ijen volcano complex, situated on the border of Banyuwangi and Bondowoso Regencies in East Java, Indonesia, represents a composite volcanic system of significant scientific interest. Within the complex, the Kawah Ijen crater hosts a hyperacidic lake (pH < 0.3), renowned as the largest such body of water globally.
- [Ibu](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/ibu/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Ibu Ibu Volcano is a stratovolcano located on the island of Halmahera in Indonesia. It is one of the most active volcanoes in the country, with a history of frequent eruptions dating back to the 16th century. One of the unique features of Ibu Volcano is its truncated summit with
- [Hunga Tonga Hunga Haʻapai](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/tonga/hunga-tonga-hunga-haʻapai/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Tonga Volcanoes/Hunga Tonga Hunga Haʻapai The Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha'apai volcano is a submarine stratovolcano located in the highly active Tonga-Kermadec subduction zone. It became notable for its violent eruption in January 2022, which produced one of the largest atmospheric explosions recorded in modern times. The eruption generated significant tsunamis that
- [Home Reef](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/tonga/home-reef/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Tonga Volcanoes/Home Reef Home Reef is a shallow submarine volcano located within the Tonga-Kermadec arc, known for its highly dynamic and ephemeral nature. Emergent islands have periodically formed due to Home Reef's surtseyan eruptions, only to be rapidly eroded by wave action. The volcano exhibits primarily explosive activity, characterized by the
- [Great Sitkin](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/united-states/great-sitkin/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/United States Volcanoes/Great Sitkin Great Sitkin Volcano, located on the Alaskan island of the same name, is a geologically active stratovolcano that forms part of the Aleutian Islands volcanic arc. This andesitic volcano resides within a caldera constructed over the remnants of a more ancient shield volcano. Great Sitkin displays a
- [Gaua](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/vanuatu/gaua/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Vanuatu Volcanoes/Gaua Gaua volcano, located on the island of Gaua in the Pacific nation of Vanuatu, is a stratovolcano that towers over 2,000 feet above the surrounding landscape. It features a large caldera lake (Lake Letas) and cone (Mount Garet). Significant eruptions took place in 2010 that resulted in the dramatic
- [Gamalama Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/gamalama/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Gamalama Volcano Gamalama is a stratovolcano covering the entire landmass of Ternate Island, Indonesia. It is also called Peak of Ternate and has multiple craters and crater lakes. As one of the most active volcanoes in Indonesia, Gamalama has a history of explosive eruptions, followed by lava flows. Location: Ternate,
- [Fernandina](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/ecuador/fernandina/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Ecuador Volcanoes/Fernandina Fernandina Volcano, situated on Fernandina Island in the Galápagos archipelago, is a remarkably active basaltic shield volcano renowned for its frequent eruptions. The volcano's summit caldera, measuring approximately 6.5 kilometers in width, is a defining feature. Notably, the caldera experienced a partial collapse in 1968. Location: Galapagos Islands, Ecuador
- [Eyjafjallajökull Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/iceland/eyjafjallajokull/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Iceland Volcanoes/Eyjafjallajökull Volcano Eyjafjallajokull is a stratovolcano, completely covered by an ice cap. It is located in the north of Skogar and west of Myrdalsjokull, Iceland. Eyjafjallajokull is 1,651 metres tall and has a crater 3 to 4 km in diameter. In 2010, Eyjafjallajokull erupted causing widespread travel disruptions across Europe.
- [Erta Ale Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/ethiopia/erta-ale/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Ethiopia Volcanoes/Erta Ale Volcano Erta Ale Volcano is an active basaltic shield volcano located in Afar Region of Ethiopia. It remains the most active volcano in Ethiopia at 613 metres in height. It is notable for the longest-existing lava lake and it is one of the most inhospitable locations on earth.
- [Egon](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/egon/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Egon Mount Egon is an active stratovolcano on Flores Island, Indonesia, reaching a height of 1,703 meters. A prominent lava dome sits at its summit, while a 350-meter-wide crater often houses a crater lake. The volcano's slopes are constructed from andesitic lava flows and pyroclastic deposits, testaments to its history
- [Dukono Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/dukono/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Dukono Volcano Dukono volcano, situated in the Halmahera Islands of Indonesia, is renowned for its persistent volcanic activity. Classified as a complex volcano, Dukono features multiple overlapping craters and eruptive vents. Its continuous eruptions have been documented for centuries, generating ash columns, lava flows, and occasional pyroclastic flows. It is
- [Cotopaxi Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/ecuador/cotopaxi/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Ecuador Volcanoes/Cotopaxi Volcano Cotopaxi is a famous South America volcano located in the Latacunga canton of Cotopaxi Province. It is one of the tallest volcanoes in the world with the height of 5,897 metres. Cotopaxi is an active stratovolcano which has erupted more than 50 times since 1738. Location: Cotopaxi Province,
- [Concepción Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/nicaragua/concepcion/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Nicaragua Volcanoes/Concepción Volcano Concepción is one of the two volcanoes that form the island of Ometepe. The second one is called Maderas and two of them are located in Lake Nicaragua, Central America. It is an active stratovolcano with the height of 1600 metres and 1 km thick base. It is
- [Chyornye Bratya Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/russia/chyornye-bratya/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Russia Volcanoes/Chyornye Bratya Volcano Chyornye Bratya are a pair of uninhabited volcanic islands located in the Kuril Islands, Russia. The smaller of the two is Brat Chirpoyrv, while the larger is Chiropoy. The islands are the remains of a submerged volcanic caldera measuring 8 to 9 km wide and surrounded by
- [Chirinkotan Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/russia/chirinkotan/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Russia Volcanoes/Chirinkotan Volcano Chirinkotan is an uninhabited volcanic island located in the Kuril Island chain in the northwest Pacific Ocean. It has had no permanent habitation. The island rises approximately 3,000 metres from the Sea of Okhotsk and is approximately 6 square kilometres in area. Location: Kuril Islands, Russia Coordinates: 48.981848,
- [Chaitén](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/chile/chaiten/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Chile Volcanoes/Chaitén Chaitén volcano, located in Southern Chile, unexpectedly erupted in 2008 after being dormant for approximately 9,400 years. This eruption generated massive ash columns, reaching heights of 17 kilometers, and caused significant ashfall across the region, disrupting air travel. The eruption devastated the nearby town of Chaitén, forcing its evacuation.
- [Batu Tara Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/batu-tara/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Batu Tara Volcano Batu Tara is a stratovolcano located on the small isolated island known as Komba. It has a large central summit crater 900 x 700 meters in diameter, often giving impressive displays of strombolian eruptions. The volcano’s eruptive activity has currently ceased. Location: Flores Sea, Indonesia Coordinates: -7.789045,
- [Barren Island](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/india/barren-island/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/India Volcanoes/Barren Island Barren Island is located in the Andaman Sea. Its first recorded activity was in 1787 and it is the only active volcano in South Asia. Barren Island is said to have originated from primitive volcanic cone remains. Location: Andaman Sea, India Coordinates: 12.280546, 93.860384 Volcano Type: Stratovolcano
- [Bagana Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/papua-new-guinea/bagana/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Papua New Guinea Volcanoes/Bagana Volcano Bagana is an active volcano located in Bougainville, Papua New Guinea. It features a 1750-m-high lava cone constructed by an accumulation of viscous andesitic lava flows. It is the most active volcano in the country and located a remote area of central Bougainville Island. Location: Bougainville,
- [Awu](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/awu/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes/Awu Awu Volcano, located on the northern end of Sangihe Island, Indonesia, is a highly active stratovolcano within the Sangihe volcanic arc. This complex geological setting, influenced by the subduction of the Molucca Sea plate beneath the Eurasian plate, drives Awu's frequent and often explosive eruptive behavior. Historical records document
- [Augustine](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/united-states/augustine/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/United States Volcanoes/Augustine Augustine Volcano, a young and highly active stratovolcano in the Cook Inlet of Alaska, is characterised by its symmetrical cone shape and a summit elevation of 1,260 meters. Built up by layers of lava, ash, and volcanic debris, Augustine is known for its cyclical pattern of dome growth
- [Asosan](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/japan/asosan/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Japan Volcanoes/Asosan Mount Asosan, also known as Aso Volcano, is a geological marvel in Japan. Encompassing one of the world's largest calderas, stretching 25 kilometers north to south and 18 kilometers east to west, Aso is a complex volcanic system. The caldera itself formed through a series of enormous eruptions hundreds
- [Arenal Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/costa-rica/arenal/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Costa Rica Volcanoes/Arenal Volcano Arenal volcano is an active andesitic stratovolcano in Costa Rica. It is conically shaped with a 140m wide crater and an elevation of 1660 meters. It was the most active volcano in Costa Rica until 2010 and one of the 10 most active volcanoes in the world.
- [About](https://extreme-pursuit.com/about/) - Home / About We are New Zealand based adventurers in pursuit of mind-blowing experiences and moments of close escapes. Often to far-flung places, in pursuit of Mother Nature at her worst. We’ve chased destructive storms, descended into fiery volcanoes and explored remote locations from the Arctic to Antarctica. While Mother Nature is sometimes a very
- [December 2025](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/monthly-volcano-news/december-2025/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Monthly Volcano News/December 2025 Mount Etna Eruption The most dramatic event of the month was the sudden intensification of Mount Etna in Sicily. After weeks of elevated seismic signals, the volcano’s Northeast Crater fully reawakened on Christmas Eve. By December 26, the eruption transitioned into a violent explosive stage, sending jets
- [Global Volcano Database](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/) - Home / Global Volcano Database Welcome to Extreme Pursuit's global database of volcanic information, featuring detailed geological data, imagery, and comprehensive eruptive history from volcanoes around the world. You can also find monthly volcano news and updates here. Home / Global Volcano Database
- [Monthly Volcano News](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/monthly-volcano-news/) - Home / Global Volcano Database / Monthly Volcano News This section tracks volcanic activity worldwide with monthly updates. You can browse previous months in the archive below. December 2025 January 2026 Home / Global Volcano Database / Monthly Volcano News
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- [Press Coverage](https://extreme-pursuit.com/press/) - Press and documentary coverage of my adventures In New Zealand, beachgoers play in bioluminescent water / Washington Post, Nov 2025 Beautiful bioluminescence wows beachgoers in New Zealand / ABC News, Nov 2025 Beachgoers stunned by vivid blue bioluminescence along Stanmore Bay shoreline / NZ Herald, Nov 2025 'Screams of joy' - Bioluminescence stuns onlookers at
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- [Geological Features](https://extreme-pursuit.com/photos/geological-features/) - Home /Photos/Geological Features Home /Photos/Geological Features
- [Emerald Azure Lake](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/emerald-azure-lake/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Emerald Azure Lake Tucked away in native forest of New Zealand's North Island lies an incredible spring and pool. The water holds a vivid, almost unnatural turquoise hue from pale aqua near the edges to a deeper teal in the center. It has an exceptional clarity. This location is protected and
- [Five Sister Pinnacles](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/five-sister-pinnacles/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Five Sister Pinnacles The Five Sister Pinnacles stand along one of New Zealand's most remote shorelines. These towering rock formations, each reaching 50 meters skyward, are remnants of a once-larger structure gradually shaped by relentless erosion. Accessing this remote wonder demands both effort and planning: visitors must secure land permissions and
- [Coastal](https://extreme-pursuit.com/photos/coastal/) - Home / Photos / Coastal Home / Photos / Coastal
- [Visting Weathertop (from The Lord of the Rings)](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/visting-weathertop-from-the-lord-of-the-rings/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Visting Weathertop (from The... Weathertop, also known as Amon Sûl in Sindarin, is a significant location in J.R.R. Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings." It is an ancient hill fortress located in the Weatherhills, east of Bree. Once the site of a great watchtower that housed one of the palantíri (seeing-stones),
- [Lava Cave Types](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-types/) - Home / Projects / Auckland’s Lava Caves / Lava Cave Types Auckland's basaltic lava flows have created diverse cave types. Common are lava tubes, long tunnels with smooth pahoehoe surfaces formed by flowing lava beneath a cooled crust. More complex systems include multilateral tubes with branching passages and multilevel tubes from stacked flows. Less common
- [Geothermal](https://extreme-pursuit.com/photos/geothermal/) - Home / Photos / Geothermal Home / Photos / Geothermal
- [Earthquakes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/photos/earthquakes/) - Home / Photos / Earthquakes Home / Photos / Earthquakes
- [Storms](https://extreme-pursuit.com/photos/storms/) - Home / Photos / Storms Home / Photos / Storms
- [Caves](https://extreme-pursuit.com/photos/caves/) - Home / Photos / Caves Home / Photos / Caves
- [Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/photos/volcanoes/) - Home / Photos / Volcanoes Home / Photos / Volcanoes
- [Aurora](https://extreme-pursuit.com/photos/aurora/) - Home / Photos / Aurora Home / Photos / Aurora
- [Bioluminescence](https://extreme-pursuit.com/photos/bioluminescence/) - Home / Photos / Bioluminescence Home / Photos / Bioluminescence
- [Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-discoveries/) - Home / Projects / Auckland’s Lava Caves / Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries We have discovered approximately 30 previously undocumented lava caves within the Auckland Volcanic Field (AVF). Several of these are considered to be among the most significant AVF lava caves recorded to date. These caves have undergone comprehensive surveys and documentation, with the resulting
- [Cracked Rock Cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-discoveries/cracked-rock-cave/) - Home /Projects/Auckland’s Lava Caves/Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries/Cracked Rock Cave Discovered in May 2025, the Crack Rocked Cave was only found through a small hole of less than 10cm wide. After some careful lifting of a large rock that ended up cracking, we were able to squeeze in (just!). The cave heads down hill slightly
- [Two Tube Cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-discoveries/two-tube-cave/) - Home /Projects/Auckland’s Lava Caves/Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries/Two Tube Cave Discovered in May 2025, the Two Tube Cave has a very small opening, that requires a tricky crawl to enter. Once in, it leads into a spacious cavern, approximately 5 meters wide by 7-8 meters high. It then quickly splits into two tiers: a lower
- [Mira Cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-discoveries/mira-cave/) - Home /Projects/Auckland’s Lava Caves/Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries/Mira Cave The Mira Lava Cave is a standout feature in the Auckland Volcanic Field due to its exceptional size, length, and unique geological formations. It was discovered by Extreme Pursuit in 2023. Named after the star Mira, with its distinctive long, tail-like appearance, the name also derives
- [Projects](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/) - Home / Projects Extreme Pursuit is knee-deep in a bunch of exciting projects right now, each one at a different point in the journey. We're all about getting down to the nitty-gritty of New Zealand's awesome geology and those super rare natural phenomena and events. We're pushing beyond the usual ways of doing things, and
- [Mud volcano field](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/mud-volcano-field/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Mud volcano field This is a field of numerous small mud volcanoes. Scattered across this surface are conical mounds, varying in size and shape. These mounds are formed by the eruption of mud and gases from underground reservoirs. The process involves pressurised water, heated by geothermal activity, mixing with fine-grained
- [Goblin Forests of the lower North Island](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/goblin-forests-of-the-lower-north-island/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Goblin Forests of the... In the lower North Island of New Zealand, within the Tararua Range, lies a "Goblin Forest." The ancient trees dominate the landscape, with their trunks and branches adorned with thick carpets of vibrant green moss and lichens. Due to it's elevation, a mist often shrouds the forest,
- [Rectangular Limestone Shore Platform](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/rectangular-limestone-shore-platform/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Rectangular Limestone Shore Platform Along a remote section of New Zealand coastline is the striking feature of regular, grid-like pattern of fractures cutting across the tilted rock layers. These are called joints - fractures in the rock where there has been little to no movement parallel to the fracture surface. It's
- [Lava Cave Features](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-features/) - Home / Projects / Auckland’s Lava Caves / Lava Cave Features Auckland lava caves display diverse geological features, including smooth, undulating walls shaped by lava flow. Interiors often feature lava shelves, terraces, and benches from receding or variably solidifying lava. Dripping lava or mineral deposits can create stalactites and stalagmites. Floors range from rough to
- [Auckland's Lava Caves](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/) - Home / Projects / Auckland’s Lava Caves Extreme Pursuit's extensive exploration of the Auckland Volcanic Field has resulted in the discovery of new and undocumented lava caves, including some of the largest and most remarkable in the field. Our discoveries are documented on this page through surveys, detailed photographic records, and scientific analyses. You'll also
- [Lava Cave Minerals and Films](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-minerals-and-films/) - Home / Projects / Auckland’s Lava Caves / Lava Cave Minerals and... Lava caves host diverse secondary minerals deposited by seeping, mineral-rich water. Common formations include gypsum crystals and flowers, calcite speleothems (stalactites, stalagmites, flowstone), and colourful opal varieties. Bacterial biofilms, often appearing as white or colored coatings, are found within a small number of
- [Giant Fallen Pancake Limestone Rock](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/giant-fallen-pancake-limestone-rock/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Giant Fallen Pancake Limestone... This striking geological feature is likely the result of a rockfall event where it cascaded down from the surrounding cliffs. It has come to rest on the underlying wave-cut platform, situated within a small gut. The block displays the characteristic layered or "pancake" appearance typical of limestone
- [Aurora Forecasting & Notifications](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/aurora-forecasting-notifications/) - Home / Projects / Aurora Forecasting & Notifications This project delivers reliable aurora forecasts by leveraging solar wind data from the DSCOVR and ACE satellites positioned at the L1 Lagrange point. These predictions provide up to 60 minutes of advance notice and are validated against real-time data from ground-based magnetometers. Once there is high confidence
- [About the Aurora](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/aurora-forecasting-notifications/about-the-aurora/) - Home / Projects / Aurora Forecasting & Notifications / About the Aurora An aurora is a stunning natural light show seen in the sky, most commonly observed in the high-latitude regions around the Arctic and Antarctic poles. Known as the Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) in the Northern Hemisphere and Aurora Australis (Southern Lights) in the
- [Aurora Tool Overview](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/aurora-forecasting-notifications/aurora-tool-overview/) - Home / Projects / Aurora Forecasting & Notifications / Aurora Tool Overview This project provides a real-time aurora notification system using data from the DSCOVR and ACE satellites at the Sun-Earth L1 point, verified by ground-based magnetometers. It provides accurate, location-based aurora predictions up to an hour ahead, surpassing the limits of current methods. Evolution
- [Overview of Auckland's Lava Caves](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/overview-of-aucklands-lava-caves/) - Auckland sits atop the Auckland Volcanic Field, a unique geological area dotted with 53 volcanoes. Many past eruptions produced significant lava flows, and within these flows, remarkable natural formations known as lava caves, or lava tubes, developed. These caves formed when the outer surface of a lava flow cooled and solidified, creating an insulating crust.
- [Geothermal Surface Features of New Zealand](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/) - Home / Geothermal Surface Features of... New Zealand boasts a diverse array of geothermal features including bubbling mud pools, mud pots, mud volcanoes, steaming fumaroles, erupting geysers and colorful sinter terraces. Many surface features, especially in remote areas, are either undocumented or poorly documented. Through extensive observations, we have compiled a collection of interesting and
- [Exploration New Zealand](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/) - Home / Projects / Exploration New Zealand New Zealand, despite its compact size, boasts extraordinary diversity. It encompasses a wealth of natural marvels such as towering mountains, rugged coastlines, expansive native forests, volcanic landscapes, and intricate cave systems. Its challenging terrain and remoteness hide many locations yet to be fully explored and documented. We've led
- [Coromandel Coastal Gorge](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/coromandel-coastal-gorge/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Coromandel Coastal Gorge Tucked away on a hard-to-reach part of the Coromandel Coast, a small, water-filled crack splits the dark basalt rocks. Swim through it, and you'll find yourself in a huge gorge that goes on for quite a distance before ending at a waterfall. Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Coromandel
- [The Black and White Folded Cliff](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/the-black-and-white-folded-cliff/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/The Black and White... The dramatic folds visible in the cliff face in Taranaki are a spectacular example of soft-sediment deformation, likely formed within marine sedimentary rocks dating back to the Late Miocene epoch (roughly 11 to 5 million years ago). These layers, originally deposited horizontally or near-horizontally on the seabed
- [The Uplifted and Titled Arch](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/the-uplifted-and-titled-arch/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/The Uplifted and Titled... This arch is layered iron and silica-rich sandstones alongside mudstone, all dramatically uplifted. It is eroding very rapidly and may no longer be an arch for too much longer. Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/The Uplifted and Titled...
- [Ethereal Turquoise Mineral Stream](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/ethereal-turquoise-mineral-stream/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Ethereal Turquoise Mineral Stream This striking blue-green stream is due to a unique combination of mineral content and environmental factors – including the mineral content, possibly copper, sulphur, or silica compounds. These waters also host likely heat-loving algae and bacteria that have adapted to thrive in extreme temperatures. The visual effect
- [Acidic Iron Red Hot Springs](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/acidic-iron-red-hot-springs/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Acidic Iron Red Hot... This geothermal area displays striking red deposits that are likely iron-rich minerals formed when iron-bearing groundwater reaches the surface and oxidises. The vibrant red coloration could be hematite or schwertmannite, an iron oxyhydroxysulphate mineral that forms in acidic, iron-rich environments. The formation of schwertmannite contributes to the
- [One of New Zealand's Largest Mud Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/one-of-new-zealands-largest-mud-volcanoes/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/One of New Zealand’s... This mud volcano is one of New Zealand’s largest and has remained active for over a decade of observations. Standing roughly seven meters tall with a crater spanning three to four meters, its dimensions are dynamic, fluctuating through periods of growth and collapse. During dry spells, the
- [The Needle-like Flowers of Sulphur](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/the-needle-like-flowers-of-sulphur/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/The Needle-like Flowers of... These are delicate, needle-like yellow sulphur crystals. Sulphur crystals form when native sulphur solidifies from either molten sulphur cooling or when sulphur vapor condenses directly into solid form (sublimation). They occur where sulphur-rich gases escape from fumaroles, allowing the sulphur to crystallise as it cools. The distinctive
- [Emerald Green Microbial Pond](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/emerald-green-microbial-pond/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Emerald Green Microbial Pond The green color of the geothermal pool is likely due to dissolved minerals and heat-loving microorganisms. High concentrations of sulphur, iron, and other mineral deposits in the water can give it a green hue. Additionally, thermophilic algae and bacteria, which thrive in the hot, mineral-rich environment, often
- [Iron Oxide Geothermal Silica Flow](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/iron-oxide-geothermal-silica-flow/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Iron Oxide Geothermal Silica... This aerial view features an alien landscape characterised by its striking orange colouration. It originates from a hot spring. The feature is a deposit of iron oxides and silica, formed as hot, mineral-rich water from the spring cools and interacts with the surrounding environment. The hot spring
- [Geothermal Hot Spring’s Living Colors](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/geothermal-hot-springs-living-colors/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Geothermal Hot Spring’s Living... This alien landscape is a striking blend of orange, yellow, and green hues caused by mineral deposits and thermophilic microorganisms thriving in the extreme heat. The bright colouration comes from primarily iron oxides that are carried by hot springs and geothermal water flowing across the landscape. The
- [Stacked Stone Pancakes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/stacked-stone-pancakes/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Stacked Stone Pancakes These unique geological features were formed when alternating layers of hard limestone (from compressed marine creature fragments) and softer mudstone were deposited on the seabed, later being uplifted by seismic activity. The characteristic stacked "pancake" appearance is the result of differential erosion, where rain, wind, and the sea
- [The Limestone Pancake Cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/the-limestone-pancake-cave/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/The Limestone Pancake Cave This geological formation is a remarkable structure of stacked, horizontally layered pancakes of limestone, subsequently fractured and separated to create a narrow passage. So large, that it creates an almost enclosed cave. Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/The Limestone Pancake Cave
- [The Natural Rectangular Cave Passage](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/the-natural-rectangular-cave-passage/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/The Natural Rectangular Cave... Unlike the typically uneven and rugged interiors of most caves, this one presents a striking initial impression of being artificially constructed – perhaps resembling a tunnel or even something ancient from Egypt. Yet, situated in a remote coastal area, it's entirely a product of nature. Its form is
- [The Unexplained Monolith Mystery](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/the-unexplained-monolith-mystery/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/The Unexplained Monolith Mystery Reaching this vantage point felt like a proper expedition. The coastal section was long, wild, and tough going. And the final scramble around the headland to get here? Seriously tricky. Just as I was maneuvering around the rocks, this thing caught my eye – a dead ringer for
- [The Turquoise Thermal Pool](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/hot-green-pool/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/The Turquoise Thermal Pool New Zealand boasts striking geothermal wonders, including this vibrant green hot spring with its edges adorned in orange precipitate and sinter. The spring's alluring depth belies its scorching temperature, which we measured at approximately 65 degrees Celsius—far too hot for swimming. The outflow has created a stunning
- [Golden Orb Pit](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/golden-orb-tar-pit/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Golden Orb Pit Whilst this may look like a oily tar pit or similar, it is actually made up of very fine-grained mud and clay minerals suspended in the hot water. The dark color comes from the minerals themselves, often including iron sulfides or other dark-colored compounds. The texture and the
- [Glacial Blue Ice Caves with Lake](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/ice-cave-exploration-1/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Glacial Blue Ice Caves... Location: Southern Alps, New Zealand During this mini expedition, we embarked on a four-day hike to reach a remote and seldom-visited glacier in the lower South Island, New Zealand. Many glaciers are inaccessible due to their hazardous conditions, let alone having passages leading to ice caves. Approaching
- [Discovery Methodology](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/discovery-methodology/) - Home / Projects / Auckland’s Lava Caves / Discovery Methodology A unique and comprehensive methodology for the discovery of lava caves has been developed by ourselves. This methodology is distinguished by its multifaceted approach, incorporating rigorous field research and exploration, expert knowledge of terrain, geological features and vegetation patterns, analysis and model development of geospatial
- [Lava Cave Formation](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-formation/) - Home / Projects / Auckland’s Lava Caves / Lava Cave Formation Auckland, New Zealand's largest city, features lava caves formed by basaltic lava flows from volcanic eruptions over 200,000 years. These flows created volcanic conduits and tubes as the surface cooled and solidified while molten lava continued to carve channels beneath. This ongoing flow within
- [Deep Shaft Cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-discoveries/deep-shaft-cave/) - Home /Projects/Auckland’s Lava Caves/Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries/Deep Shaft Cave Deep Shaft Cave is a unique fractured basalt cavern characterised by a deep shaft and an exceptionally narrow, challenging entrance. Since the entrance wasn't wide enough, we temporarily shifted a lava block with care to enter. Descent into the cave was achieved without the aid
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- [Swirl Walls](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/swirl-walls/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Swirl Walls Nature's Swirling Masterpiece - A large sandstone canvas of intricate and intertwining swirls. Sandstone forms when sand deposits in water environments like seas, rivers, or lakes are compressed over time. The weight of overlying sediment pushes the sand grains together, while minerals such as silica, calcite, or iron oxides
- [New Zealand’s only ignimbrite cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/new-zealands-only-ignimbrite-cave/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/New Zealand’s only ignimbrite... Today we discovered a rare ignimbrite cave in New Zealand after a landslide exposed its entrance. It's within ignimbrite that is estimated to be around 8 million years old. It's amazingly preserved and untouched by the elements. The cave remains in a pristine state and its walls
- [New Zealand's largest ice cave discovery](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/new-zealands-largest-ice-cave-discovery/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/New Zealand’s largest ice... While hiking deep in Fiordland National Park, New Zealand, I discovered a hidden gem that took considerable effort to reach. Navigating through dense bush, treacherous river beds, loose scree, and steep mountain slopes, I finally found a small opening near a glacier. What I encountered was breathtaking.
- [Green hot spring](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/green-hot-spring-2/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Green hot spring The green color of this geothermal hot spring is likely due to dissolved minerals, microbial life, or sulphur compounds present in the water. Sulphur and iron-rich minerals can create a greenish hue when mixed with acidic or hot water. Additionally, certain heat-loving bacteria and algae thrive in
- [The fried egg](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/the-fried-egg/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../The fried egg This striking "fried egg" formation is, in fact, a geothermal marvel. The white, fractured surface is composed of mineral-laden clay, its cracked appearance a result of dry conditions/low rainfall. The depression originated from hydrothermal activity, wherein upwelling hot water and gases weakened the surface crust, creating a
- [Conical mud volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/conical-mud-volcano/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Conical mud volcano This is a conical mud volcano of fine-grained, grey sediment that rises within a mud pool. The top features a dark, circular opening, full of hot mud and sulphur deposits. A small opening has developed near the summit, creating a trail of flowing mud down the side
- [Pulsating mud](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/pulsating-mud/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Pulsating mud This mud flow feature is characterised by a viscous, grey substance forming a bulbous mound with concentric ring-like patterns emanating from a central point. This feature, often associated with mud pools results from the expulsion of pressurised mud and gases from underground. The geothermal feature exhibits distinctive rhythmic
- [Orange-red mineral-rich fluid](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/orange-red-mineral-rich-fluid/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Orange-red mineral-rich fluid This very distinctive orange-red mineral-rich fluid has created a small pool or seep from a hot spring. The vibrant orange-red coloration is consistent with iron oxide minerals precipitating from acidic, iron-rich waters. The vibrant red coloration could be hematite or schwertmannite, an iron oxyhydroxysulphate mineral that forms
- [Acidic iron hot springs](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/acidic-iron-hot-springs/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Acidic iron hot springs This geothermal area displays striking red deposits that are likely iron-rich minerals formed when iron-bearing groundwater reaches the surface and oxidises. The vibrant red coloration could be hematite or schwertmannite, an iron oxyhydroxysulphate mineral that forms in acidic, iron-rich environments. The formation of schwertmannite contributes to
- [Acidic red mineral geysers](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/acidic-red-mineral-geysers/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Acidic red mineral geysers This is a remarkable feature. A large red plain of bubbling mini geysers. These fluids, driven by subsurface heat, leach iron from surrounding rocks and precipitate (likely) schwertmannite upon encountering oxygen at the surface. Scattered throughout are darker, often irregular patches. These could represent areas of
- [Orange earth](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/orange-earth/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Orange earth This photograph captures a close-up view of another geothermal area, showcasing the distinctive interplay of minerals, water, and likely microbial life. The dominant feature is the striking orange hue, likely due to the presence of iron oxides and thermophilic bacteria thriving in the hot, mineral-rich water. This vibrant
- [Geothermal colours](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/geothermal-colours/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Geothermal colours This photograph captures a wonderful complexity where the colours reveal an interplay of geological and biological processes. Rust-toned oranges, likely indicative of iron oxide deposits, blend with the brighter yellows and oranges produced by thermophilic bacteria and algae, thriving in the mineral-rich, hot water. These colorful streaks flow
- [Large mud volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/large-mud-volcano/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Large mud volcano This mud volcano is one of New Zealand's largest and has remained active for over a decade of observations. Standing roughly seven meters tall with a crater spanning three to four meters, its dimensions are dynamic, fluctuating through periods of growth and collapse. During dry spells, the volcano's
- [Mineral divide lake](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/mineral-divide-lake/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Mineral divide lake The image features a geothermal lake where a recent water level drop has created a stark visual contrast on the surrounding vegetation. The upper, previously exposed portion displays an orange hue due to the accumulation of trentepohlia and iron oxide deposits from consistent exposure to geothermal steam
- [Emerald green microbial pond](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/emerald-green-microbial-pond/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Emerald green microbial pond The green color of the geothermal pool is likely due to dissolved minerals and heat-loving microorganisms. High concentrations of sulphur, iron, and other mineral deposits in the water can give it a green hue. Additionally, thermophilic algae and bacteria, which thrive in the hot, mineral-rich environment,
- [Heat loving microorganisms](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/heat-loving-microorganisms/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Heat loving microorganisms This image showcases unique silica sinter, a feature formed by the precipitation of dissolved silica from hot spring water. The white, spiky, or feathery texture arises from rapid silica deposition. As the water cools or evaporates, it becomes supersaturated, forcing rapid silica precipitation. This rapid crystallisation tends
- [Finger mud deposits](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/finger-mud-deposits/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Finger mud deposits What may seem as alien like branching, finger-like patterns, they are actually dried, powdery mud or clay deposits that have formed into irregular, flowing patterns. These features formed through a process where mud from a nearby mud volcano flowed downstream and settled in this pool. This material
- [Golden orb pit](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/golden-orb-pit/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Golden orb pit Whilst this may look like a oily tar pit or similar, it is actually made up of very fine-grained mud and clay minerals suspended in the hot water. The dark color comes from the minerals themselves, often including iron sulfides or other dark-colored compounds. The texture and
- [Mud rings](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/mud-rings/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Mud rings These are intricate concentric rings occur within mud pools. They are formed through the periodic release of pressurised mud and gases from small vents. As the mud erupts, it spreads outwards, gathering in layers and forming the distinct ringed structures. The flowing striations indicate the direction of mud
- [Turquoise thermal pool](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/turquoise-thermal-pool/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Turquoise thermal pool This is a thermal hot pool with striking turquoise water, likely colored by dissolved minerals and microorganisms, where a submerged, mineral-encrusted branch lies partially visible. The branch's white deposits are indicative of silica or calcium carbonate precipitation, while the foreground shows a rough, multi-colored rock formation with
- [Mud geyser vent](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/mud-geyser-vent/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Mud geyser vent This is a vent of an active mud geyser, a geological feature characterised by the periodic eruption of mud and gases. It has a funnel-shaped opening, surrounded by a substantial mound constructed from accumulated mud deposits. The pale, uniform color and layered texture of the mound suggest
- [Spring's mineral bloom](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/springs-mineral-bloom/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Spring’s mineral bloom This close-up image of vibrant red, orange, yellow, green, and white coloration features microbial mats and mineral deposits. These striking colours result from extremophile microorganisms (particularly thermophilic bacteria) that thrive in different temperature zones of the hot spring outflow, combined with various mineral precipitates including silica, iron
- [Hot spring's living colors](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/hot-springs-living-colors/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Hot spring’s living colors This alien landscape is a striking blend of orange, yellow, and green hues caused by mineral deposits and thermophilic microorganisms thriving in the extreme heat. The bright colouration comes from primarily iron oxides that are carried by hot springs and geothermal water flowing across the landscape.
- [Mud geyser mound](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/mud-geyser-mound/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Mud geyser mound This is an aerial view of a mound formed by a mud geyser. It features a stark, cracked surface with the vent near the top of the image. The dominant feature is the intricate network of desiccation cracks of mud, that has shrunk as it dried. The
- [Oxidised thermal pool](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/oxidised-thermal-pool/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Oxidised thermal pool This is wonderful, vibrant geothermal hot spring characterised by a pool of clear, heated water surrounded by a striking orange and white mineral deposit landscape. The orange hues are the presence of iron oxides, while the white areas are silica or other evaporites, both products of the
- [Radiating mud cracks](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/radiating-mud-cracks/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Radiating mud cracks This geothermal mud pool has a wonderful feature with a striking circular pattern with radiating cracks. These cracks form due to the drying process. As the mineral-rich mud dries from the edges inward, it contracts and creates these fracture patterns similar to desiccation cracks seen in dried
- [Iron oxide silica flow](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/iron-oxide-silica-flow/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Iron oxide silica flow This aerial view features an alien landscape characterised by its striking orange colouration. It originates from a hot spring. The feature is a deposit of iron oxides and silica, formed as hot, mineral-rich water from the spring cools and interacts with the surrounding environment. The hot
- [Mineral mud's survivor](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/mineral-muds-survivor/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Mineral mud’s survivor During extremely dry periods, mineral-rich water that once pooled evaporates from this geothermal field leaving behind a cracked, white surface. The solitary plant continues to grow despite the harsh conditions by accessing subsurface moisture and nutrients common in geothermal regions, possibly aided by microclimates within the cracks.
- [Algae stream mineral zone](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/algae-stream-mineral-zone/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Algae stream mineral zone This aerial view features a dynamic geothermal landscape with geothermal pool with a bluish-green hue, indicative of thermophilic microbial life and mineral interactions, bordered by white silica deposits. A stream flows through with white areas of heavy silica deposition. Notably, the green area within the stream's
- [Silica stream mud pool](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/silica-stream-mud-pool/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Silica stream mud pool The aerial view features a dark mud pool juxtaposed with a strikingly white stream. Geothermal waters, rich in dissolved silica and sulphur, flow through the stream. As this water cools and evaporates, silica precipitates out, forming a white crust or powder. This continuous flow of mineral-laden
- [Flowers of sulphur](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/flowers-of-sulphur/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Flowers of sulphur These are delicate, needle-like yellow sulphur crystals. Sulphur crystals form when native sulphur solidifies from either molten sulphur cooling or when sulphur vapor condenses directly into solid form (sublimation). They occur where sulphur-rich gases escape from fumaroles, allowing the sulphur to crystallise as it cools. The distinctive
- [Ghostly white mud pool](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/ghostly-white-mud-pool/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Ghostly white mud pool In this feature, the clay significantly impacts the color of the mud pool. When hot spring water or acidic geothermal fluids break down volcanic rocks, they form fine clay minerals. If these clays are rich in silica or kaolinite, they appear white or light grey. Characterised
- [Silica raft clusters](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/silica-raft-clusters/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Silica raft clusters The floating formations in the image appear to be mineral precipitates. As the water cools and evaporates, silica precipitates out of the solution. If the precipitation occurs at the water's surface, these silica deposits can form thin, floating crusts or "rafts." These rafts often break apart and
- [Steaming Ringed Mud Convection](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/steaming-ringed-mud-convection/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Steaming Ringed Mud Convection Mud pools and mud pots form in areas where acidic water, often resulting from the condensation of volcanic gases, interacts with surrounding rock and soil. This acidic mixture breaks down minerals and rock into fine-grained clay, creating a characteristically viscous mud. Mud pools generally cover a
- [Concentric mud bubble](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/concentric-mud-bubble/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Concentric mud bubble The formation of this mud pool feature starts with the rise of hydrothermal fluids, a mixture of superheated water and dissolved gases. As these fluids encounter clay-rich soils, they interact, resulting in the formation of a slurry. The circular morphology and concentric ring structure observed are indicative
- [Spiky, crystalline silica deposits](https://extreme-pursuit.com/geothermal-features-new-zealand/spiky-crystalline-silica-deposits/) - Home /Geothermal Surface Features of.../Spiky, crystalline silica deposits This image showcases unique silica sinter, a feature formed by the precipitation of dissolved silica from hot spring water. The white, spiky, or feathery texture arises from rapid silica deposition. As the water cools or evaporates, it becomes supersaturated, forcing rapid silica precipitation. This rapid crystallisation
- [Fentale](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/ethiopia/fentale/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Ethiopia Volcanoes/Fentale Fentale is an active stratovolcano located at the northern end of the Main Ethiopian Rift. It features a prominent elliptical caldera and is primarily composed of rhyolitic obsidian lava flows and lesser amounts of tuff. The caldera's formation involved the eruption of welded pantelleritic ash flows, creating steep walls
- [Láscar](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/chile/lascar/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Chile Volcanoes/Láscar Láscar volcano, a stratovolcano in the Andes Mountains, is one of the most active volcanoes in northern Chile. It has six summit craters and frequently produces small-to-moderate explosive eruptions, with occasional larger ones that send ash columns high into the atmosphere. The volcano's activity stems from the subduction of
- [Spain Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/spain/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Spain Volcanoes Spain, despite its sunny image, has a fiery side with significant volcanic activity concentrated in the Canary Islands. This archipelago, off the coast of Africa, boasts a variety of volcanic landscapes, from the towering Teide volcano on Tenerife (Spain's highest peak) to the dramatic volcanic fields of Lanzarote. The
- [Cameroon Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/cameroon/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Cameroon Volcanoes Cameroon is home to an active volcanic line. This line includes Mount Cameroon, a very high peak in Africa, known for its frequent eruptions. In addition to Mount Cameroon, other notable volcanoes in the country include a field with numerous cinder cones, and a stratovolcano with a crater lake.
- [El Salvador Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/el-salvador/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/El Salvador Volcanoes El Salvador, a small country in Central America, boasts a chain of impressive volcanoes that contribute to its stunning landscapes and fertile soil. These volcanoes are a part of the Central American Volcanic Arc, formed by the subduction of the Cocos Plate beneath the Caribbean Plate. While many
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- [Mayor Island](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/mayor-island/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Mayor Island Mayor Island, also known as Tuhua, is a dormant peralkaline volcanic island located in the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. The island formed approximately 7,000 years ago and is composed primarily of rhyolitic lava domes and flows. Its most notable geological feature is the presence of obsidian,
- [New Zealand's Daredevil Volcano Chaser](https://extreme-pursuit.com/new-zealands-daredevil-volcano-chaser/) - Auckland resident Matt has an unusual passion—he chases volcanoes. Not content with simply admiring these fiery wonders from afar, this intrepid explorer has made it his life's mission to delve into the heart of Earth's most active geological features. A Childhood Fascination Matthew's fascination with volcanoes began as a child. Growing up in Auckland, a
- [Secret Pinnacles](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/secret-pinnacles/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Secret Pinnacles You may have heard of the Putangirua Pinnacles, but have you heard of an almost as equally impressive valley of pinnacles that has no official name? Reaching this secret spot requires a challenging trek involving bush bashing and careful navigation through a log-strewn river valley. These pinnacles are examples
- [Boulders of Taranaki](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/boulders-of-taranaki/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Boulders of Taranaki You've probably heard of the famous Moeraki Boulders, but have you heard of the Taranaki Boulders? The Taranaki coastline hides a secret: large boulders rivaling the famed Moeraki Boulders. These impressive geological formations can be found at various points along the coast, some still embedded within the sandstone
- [Coca Cola Lake](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/coca-cola-lake/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Coca Cola Lake Don't be confused with Lake Rotopokaka, affectionately nicknamed "Coca-Cola Lake," in New Zealand's Far North District. This lake has the distinctive "Coca-Cola" water, but is much more stunning with large steep sand dunes that cascade steeply down into the dark tannin water. It's also extremely remote, taking a
- [Fluro-green pine lake](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/fluro-green-pine-lake/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Fluro-green pine lake Hidden in this west Auckland pine forest is a striking fluro-green pine lake, decorated with twisting surface swirls and patterns. Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Fluro-green pine lake
- [Hidden Canyon](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/hidden-canyon/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Hidden Canyon Our extensive explorations of New Zealand's remote coastlines have often yielded fascinating discoveries. Today's find was particularly remarkable. We stumbled upon a narrow passageway, nearly hidden by Toetoe grass. Intrigued, we ventured through this natural corridor, which stretched for at least a hundred meters. The passage eventually opened up,
- [Ice Arches](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/ice-arches/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Ice Arches During a five-day trek through the rugged mountains of New Zealand's South Island, we spotted an enormous ice arch at the foot of a distant glacier. We simply had to get closer despite the treacherous landscape before us. Navigating the mountainside demanded plenty of caution. Upon reaching the valley
- [Caves of Taranaki](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/caves-of-taranaki/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Caves of Taranaki The coastline around Taranaki and Tongapōrutu, located on the west coast of New Zealand's North Island, is home to a series of remarkable sea caves and rock formations. These caves penetrate deep into the cliffside, with some extending over 70 meters inward. Each cave boasts unique characteristics, from
- [Pancake Rocks of the Limestone Coast](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/pancake-rocks-of-the-limestone-coast/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Pancake Rocks of the... While Punakaiki on New Zealand's South Island is renowned for its Pancake Rocks, a lesser-known but equally impressive collection exists on the North Island's west coast. This remote site, accessible only after a challenging two-day journey over difficult terrain, boasts an array of colossal pancake rock formations.
- [Sand Dune Desert Formations (#3)](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/sand-dune-desert-formations-3/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Sand Dune Desert Formations... We're back on another sand dune exploration and to yet another location - one that is slightly easier this time, but does involve a boat to get to. Upon arrival, we were greeted by a breathtaking landscape dominated by colossal sand canyons. Interspersed among these grand canyons,
- [Sand Dune Desert Formations (#2)](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/sand-dune-desert-formations-2/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Sand Dune Desert Formations... After a grueling day-long hike, we reached a new area of sand dunes. Our efforts were well rewarded with an array of bizarre and captivating formations sculpted by wind and time. Of particular note was a 50 metre high dune, with moat and incredible bedding layers including
- [Sand Dune Desert Formations (#1)](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/sand-dune-desert-formations-1/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Sand Dune Desert Formations... In Northland, New Zealand, towering sand dunes create a landscape that could easily be mistaken for the Sahara Desert. The most renowned of these are the Te Paki Stream sand dunes, a popular destination for thrilling sandboarding adventures. However, the region also boasts vast, lesser-known dunes that
- [Ice Cave Exploration (#2)](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/ice-cave-exploration-2/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Ice Cave Exploration (#2) Today, a group of us hiked to the base of a relatively accessible glacier to explore some large ice caves. These caves were safer than the ones we had ventured into before, and reaching them was more straightforward. In total, we explored three distinct caves, each impressively
- [Swirl (Sandstone) Cave Discovery](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/exploration-new-zealand/swirl-sandstone-cave-discovery/) - Home /Projects/Exploration New Zealand/Swirl (Sandstone) Cave Discovery On our mission to circumnavigate Auckland's Manukau Harbour, we stumbled upon an unexpected treasure. During a lunch break along a remote stretch of coastline, our eyes were drawn to a small opening in the cliff face, nearly concealed by a jumble of logs and debris left behind
- [Electra Cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-discoveries/electra-cave/) - Home /Projects/Auckland’s Lava Caves/Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries/Electra Cave Electra Cave's morphology bears a striking resemblance to the shape of New Zealand. It features four distinct entrances, including a prominent one on the western side. The western section exhibits a classic lava tube structure, with a height of 1.5 meters and entrances at both ends.
- [Alcyone Cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-discoveries/alcyone-cave/) - Home /Projects/Auckland’s Lava Caves/Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries/Alcyone Cave Alcyone Cave, while compact in size, presents several notable features. It exemplifies a "tube-in-tube" formation, characterised by two distinct tiers: an upper and a lower tube. The upper tube is marginally too narrow for entry, yet the lower tube is accessible, reaching a height of nearly
- [Weeping Well Cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-discoveries/weeping-well-cave/) - Home /Projects/Auckland’s Lava Caves/Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries/Weeping Well Cave Weeping Well Cave, a small cave formed within fractured basalt, is situated at the base of a depression. Notably, this cave features a pond. Such pooling of water within lava caves is exceedingly rare, with this cave being one of only two known examples within
- [Son of Gemini Cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-discoveries/son-of-gemini-cave/) - Home /Projects/Auckland’s Lava Caves/Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries/Son of Gemini Cave Nearby the Gemini caves (Castor and Pollux) is a small cave simply known as "Son of Gemini Cave". Son of Gemini Cave is characterised by an exceptionally small entrance. Passage through this entrance necessitates a very slender physique. Upon entry, the cave widens marginally.
- [Pollux Cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-discoveries/pollux-cave/) - Home /Projects/Auckland’s Lava Caves/Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries/Pollux Cave Pollux Cave is part of the “Gemini Caves” and is one of two complex caves with side by side entrances. The first is “Castor Cave", the second being "Pollux Cave". Neither cave overlaps. The entrance to Pollux Cave presents a moderate challenge, with cautious navigation required
- [Castor Cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-discoveries/castor-cave/) - Home /Projects/Auckland’s Lava Caves/Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries/Castor Cave Castor Cave is part of the “Gemini Caves” and is one of two complex caves with side by side entrances. The first is “Pollux Cave”, the second being “Castor Cave”. Neither cave overlaps. After traversing a section of collapsed rock and debris under a low ceiling,
- [Capella Cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-discoveries/capella-cave/) - Home /Projects/Auckland’s Lava Caves/Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries/Capella Cave The Capella Cave is distinguished by a singular entrance, a collapsed ceiling/skylight adorned with a small natural bridge. A substantial accumulation of rubble and lava blocks occupies the central floor area beneath the collapsed section. Notably, a pohutakawa tree flourishes amidst this debris. The skylight entrance, approximately
- [Cygnus X-1 Cave](https://extreme-pursuit.com/projects/auckland-lava-caves/lava-cave-discoveries/cygnus-x-1-cave/) - Home /Projects/Auckland’s Lava Caves/Auckland Lava Cave Discoveries/Cygnus X-1 Cave Cygnus X-1 Cave is located within the north-eastern corner of a large chasm and is made up of fractured solid basalt. The floor is covered with blocks - some large. Two very short arms branch off from the main chamber, one leading to a steep
- [Tonga Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/tonga/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Tonga Volcanoes The Kingdom of Tonga is situated along the highly volcanically active Tonga-Kermadec subduction zone, a region where the Pacific Plate descends below the Indo-Australian Plate. This tectonic setting has given rise to a chain of volcanoes, both submarine and emergent, forming the Tongan archipelago. The volcanism in Tonga is
- [Tanzania Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/tanzania/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Tanzania Volcanoes Tanzania hosts a range of volcanoes distributed along the Great Rift Valley, a testament to the dynamic geological forces shaping the East African landscape. These volcanoes exhibit diverse morphologies and eruptive histories. Notable examples include the active Ol Doinyo Lengai, known for its unusual natrocarbonatite lava, and Mount Kilimanjaro,
- [Solomon Islands Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/solomon-islands/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Solomon Islands Volcanoes The Solomon Islands, located on the tectonically active boundary between the Australian and Pacific Plates, possess a chain of volcanoes primarily characterized as stratovolcanoes or composite cones. This volcanic activity stems from ongoing subduction processes, generating magmas with intermediate to felsic compositions. Prominent among these is Kavachi, a
- [Antarctica Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/antarctica/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Antarctica Volcanoes While commonly perceived as a continent of ice, Antarctica harbors a surprising number of volcanoes. The West Antarctic Rift System, a zone of crustal thinning, underlies much of West Antarctica and hosts several active volcanoes. Mount Erebus, a towering stratovolcano on Ross Island, is the world's southernmost active volcano
- [Chile Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/chile/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Chile Volcanoes Chile boasts one of the world's most impressive concentrations of volcanoes, with over 2,000 situated along the expansive length of the country. This extraordinary density is a direct consequence of the subduction of the Nazca Plate beneath the South American Plate, forming the geologically active Andes mountain range. Chilean
- [Mt Putauaki (Edgecumbe)](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/mt-putauaki-edgecumbe/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Mt Putauaki (Edgecumbe) Mt. Putauaki (Edgecumbe), a dacite volcanic cone, sits prominently within New Zealand's Bay of Plenty region. It marks the easternmost vent of the Taupo Volcanic Zone, adjacent to the Ōkataina volcanic center. Despite its current dormancy, the volcano's last substantial eruption approximately 2,600 years
- [Sabancaya](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/peru/sabancaya/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Peru Volcanoes/Sabancaya Sabancaya, a stratovolcano located in the Peruvian Andes, is known for its near-continuous eruptive activity since 1990. It is characterized by frequent explosions, ash emissions, and occasional lava flows. Despite Sabancaya's remote location, its ash plumes can disrupt air travel and impact surrounding communities. Location: The Andes, Southern Peru
- [Peru Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/peru/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Peru Volcanoes Peru, located within the Andean Volcanic Belt, hosts a significant number of volcanoes, with over 40 considered potentially active. These volcanoes primarily take the form of stratovolcanoes, including well-known peaks such as Ubinas, Sabancaya, and El Misti. Eruptions throughout history have impacted Peruvian communities with ashfall, lava flows, and
- [Mexico Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/mexico/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Mexico Volcanoes Mexico, straddling the intersection of several tectonic plates, harbors a remarkable concentration of volcanoes. This fiery landscape results from a complex interplay of geological forces. The subduction of the Cocos Plate beneath the North American Plate along the west coast fuels the development of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, a
- [Réunion Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/reunion/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Réunion Volcanoes Réunion, a French island in the Indian Ocean, is geologically dominated by two volcanoes. Piton des Neiges, a dormant shield volcano, is the island's highest point. Conversely, Piton de la Fournaise, also a shield volcano, ranks among the world's most active volcanoes, with frequent eruptions. Piton de la Fournaise
- [Colombia Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/colombia/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Colombia Volcanoes Colombia, situated along the Pacific Ring of Fire, features a chain of volcanoes within the Andes Mountains. The country boasts several active stratovolcanoes, including the prominent Nevado del Ruiz, Galeras, and Nevado del Huila. These volcanoes present a range of hazards, from explosive eruptions to lahars (volcanic mudflows). Past
- [Democratic Republic of the Congo Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/democratic-republic-of-the-congo/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Democratic Republic of the... The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), situated within the geologically complex East African Rift System, is home to several active and potentially active volcanoes. This volcanic activity stems from the ongoing divergence of the African tectonic plate, leading to crustal thinning, zones of weakness, and the
- [Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/saint-vincent-and-the-grenadines-volcanoes/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Saint Vincent and the... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, a Caribbean island nation, is home to a chain of volcanoes, the most prominent of which is the active La Soufrière on the island of Saint Vincent. This stratovolcano has a recorded history of eruptions, including significant events in 1902 and 1979,
- [Ethiopia Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/ethiopia/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Ethiopia Volcanoes Ethiopia, situated within the geologically dynamic East African Rift System, is home to a unique and fascinating volcanic landscape. The ongoing separation of the African and Arabian tectonic plates creates a region of crustal thinning and abundant magma generation, giving rise to Ethiopia's numerous volcanoes. The Ethiopian volcanic landscape encompasses
- [Italy Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/italy/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Italy Volcanoes Italy's complex geological setting makes it a hotspot for volcanic activity. Situated near the convergence of the African and Eurasian tectonic plates, Italy hosts several active and dormant volcanoes. This subduction zone fuels the magmatic processes beneath the surface, generating the eruptions that characterize locations such as Mount Etna,
- [Costa Rica Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/costa-rica/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Costa Rica Volcanoes Costa Rica, situated within the dynamic Central American Volcanic Arc, boasts a high density of both active and dormant volcanoes. This prolific volcanism is a direct result of the Cocos Plate subducting beneath the Caribbean Plate, fueling the magma generation that feeds these fiery giants. The volcanic landscape
- [Ecuador Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/ecuador/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Ecuador Volcanoes Ecuador, perched upon the tectonically active Andean Volcanic Belt, showcases an awe-inspiring array of volcanoes. These towering peaks arise from the subduction of the Nazca Plate beneath the South American Plate – a process that continuously drives magma generation and fuels fiery eruptions. Ecuador's volcanic landscape features majestic stratovolcanoes,
- [Papua New Guinea Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/papua-new-guinea/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Papua New Guinea Volcanoes Papua New Guinea, situated on the western edge of the Pacific "Ring of Fire", is a land of extraordinary volcanism. This geologically complex region, where multiple tectonic plates converge, gives rise to a remarkable concentration of active and potentially active volcanoes. The volcanic landscape of Papua New
- [Vanuatu Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/vanuatu/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Vanuatu Volcanoes Vanuatu, an archipelago nation located in the South Pacific's "Ring of Fire", boasts a remarkable concentration of active and potentially active volcanoes. This intense volcanic activity stems from the subduction of the Australian Plate beneath the Pacific Plate, creating an ideal environment for magma generation and subsequent eruptions. Vanuatu's
- [Philippines Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/philippines/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Philippines Volcanoes The Philippines, located within the seismically active "Ring of Fire", is home to a dynamic chain of volcanoes. Its complex geological setting, marked by the interactions of multiple tectonic plates, creates an environment conducive to magma formation and subsequent volcanic activity. The archipelago's volcanic landscape showcases a variety of
- [United States Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/united-states/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/United States Volcanoes The United States boasts a diverse and geologically active volcanic landscape, extending from the Pacific coast to the island chains of Hawaii and Alaska. This widespread volcanism stems from various tectonic settings, including subduction zones, continental rifting, and the presence of a mantle hotspot beneath the Hawaiian Islands.
- [Japan Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/japan/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Japan Volcanoes Japan, an island nation nestled along the western rim of the Pacific Ocean, harbors a remarkable concentration of volcanoes. This intense volcanic activity stems from its position at the convergence zone of several tectonic plates. The subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate and the westward
- [Russia Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/russia/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Russia Volcanoes Russia, spanning vast swathes of Eurasia, boasts a remarkable diversity of volcanic landscapes. The Kamchatka Peninsula, jutting into the North Pacific Ocean, is the country's undisputed volcanic heartland. This region lies at the junction of three tectonic plates – the Pacific, Eurasian, and North American – a setting ripe
- [Guatemala Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/guatemala/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Guatemala Volcanoes Guatemala, nestled along the Central American Volcanic Arc, is home to an impressive array of active and dormant volcanoes. This volcanic chain arises from the subduction of the Cocos Plate beneath the Caribbean Plate, providing a continuous supply of magma and driving the region's intense volcanism. Guatemala's volcanic landscape showcases
- [Iceland Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/iceland/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Iceland Volcanoes Iceland, a land forged by fire and ice, owes its existence to a unique geological setting. Straddling the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, where the Eurasian and North American tectonic plates diverge, Iceland sits atop a mantle plume – a persistent upwelling of abnormally hot material from the Earth's interior. This combination
- [Indonesia Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/indonesia/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Indonesia Volcanoes Indonesia, as part of the infamous Pacific "Ring of Fire", is a global hotspot of volcanic activity. This extensive archipelago is formed through the complex interaction of multiple tectonic plates, most notably the subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate. This ongoing geological process creates prime conditions
- [Nicaragua Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/nicaragua/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/Nicaragua Volcanoes Nicaragua, located within the active Central American Volcanic Arc, possesses a chain of volcanoes sculpted by the subduction of the Cocos Plate beneath the Caribbean Plate. This dynamic geological setting fuels the country's significant volcanism, manifested in the forms of towering stratovolcanoes, sprawling calderas, and low-lying volcanic complexes. Nicaragua's
- [Volcano News - April 2024](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcano-monthly-news/volcano-news-april-2024/) - Home /Volcano Monthly News/Volcano News – April... Indonesia Semeru (Java): Semeru maintains a protracted eruptive phase characterized by near-continuous ash emissions reaching altitudes exceeding 4 km. Merapi (Java): Regular explosive episodes and fluctuating lava dome growth necessitate close monitoring. A small pyroclastic flow was generated on April 4. Ashfall and the potential for pyroclastic
- [Sulphur Point](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/sulphur-point/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Sulphur Point Sulphur Point, located on the shores of Lake Rotorua in New Zealand's Taupo Volcanic Zone, serves as a prime example of active geothermal processes within a lacustrine (lake) environment. This geothermally rich site exhibits various surface manifestations including steaming vents, bubbling mud pools, and vividly
- [Wai-O-Tapu](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/wai-o-tapu/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Wai-O-Tapu Wai-O-Tapu Thermal Wonderland, located near Rotorua, New Zealand, represents one of the most diverse and colorful geothermal areas within the Taupo Volcanic Zone. This geologically active region offers a fascinating natural laboratory for volcanological study. Wai-O-Tapu's landscape features collapsed craters, expansive sinter terraces, vividly hued geothermal
- [Waimangu](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/waimangu/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Waimangu The Waimangu Volcanic Valley is the world's youngest geothermal system. It was a result of the 1886 eruption of Tarawera that significantly enlarged Lake Rotomahana and created new craters. In 1900, a new geyser erupted. Waimangu is home to the Frying Pan Lake which is the
- [New Zealand Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes New Zealand lies at the south-west end of a vast 40,000 km belt surrounding the Pacific Ocean, known at the Ring of Fire. The majority of Earth’s volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur within this boundary and New Zealand is no exception. The country is perched precariously at the ends
- [New Zealand Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/new-zealand-volcanoes/) - New Zealand lies at the south-west end of a vast 40,000 km belt surrounding the Pacific Ocean, known as the Ring of Fire. The majority of Earth's volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur within this boundary and New Zealand is no exception. The country is perched precariously at the ends of two plates with the Pacific
- [Kermadec Islands](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/kermadec-islands/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Kermadec Islands The Kermadec Islands comprise a remote volcanic arc located approximately 1000 km northeast of New Zealand's North Island. This archipelago marks a segment of the Kermadec-Tonga subduction zone, where the Pacific Plate descends beneath the Australian Plate. Geological Composition The Kermadec Islands consist primarily of submarine volcanoes, with
- [Raoul Island](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/kermadec-islands/raoul-island/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Kermadec Islands/Raoul Island Raoul Island, the largest and northernmost of the Kermadec Islands, represents an emergent peak of a large submarine stratovolcano. It is situated approximately 1000 km northeast of New Zealand's North Island. Raoul Island lies along the Kermadec Arc, a convergent plate boundary where the Pacific Plate subducts
- [Volcano Monthly News](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcano-monthly-news/) - Our monthly volcano news service brings you breathtaking eruption footage, expert insights, and captivating stories from the frontlines of Earth's most dynamic landscapes. Volcano News – April 2024
- [Purchas Hill](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/purchas-hill/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Purchas Hill purchas-hillwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Purchas Hill (Te Tauoma) is a scoria cone volcano located next to Mount Wellington in Auckland. It started as explosive/wet eruptions, forming a surrounding tuff ring. When the volcano turned dry, it built a scoria cone reaching 50 meters high. Whilst it erupted
- [Ngauruhoe](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/ngauruhoe/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Ngauruhoe Mount Ngauruhoe, or Mount Doom is one the most active volcanoes in New Zealand. Part of the Tongariro volcanic complex, this stratovolcano rises to an elevation of 2,291m. Ngauruhoe is renowned for its symmetric conical shape which the result of successive eruptions, possible dating back 7000
- [Mount Tongariro](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/mount-tongariro/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Mount Tongariro Mount Tongariro is a stratovolcano and is part of the Tongariro volcanic complex. It is one of twelve different cones and rises to an elevation of 1,978 metres. The last ice age caused significant erosion to this cone and the surrounding area. Home /Global
- [Taupo Volcanic Zone](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone The Taupo Volcanic zone is a located in the North Island of New Zealand. The zone extends offshore of the Bay of Plenty and includes Rotorua, Taupo and the Tongariro National Park. It is home to many geological wonders including White Island, Rotorua Geothermal Area, Lake
- [Auckland Volcanic Field](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field New Zealand’s largest city (and my home town), is built upon an active volcanic field. 53 (and growing!) volcanoes make-up this area. Almost all are monogenetic, meaning they erupt once, then become extinct. The oldest eruption occurred 200,000 years ago at Onepoto and the youngest, Rangitoto, at
- [Albert Park](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/albert-park/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Albert Park albert-parkwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Albert Park Volcano is a highly modified/quarried volcano in central Auckland, New Zealand. It began as an explosive/wet eruption, before turning dry and building a small scoria cone. The volcano produced lava flows down Queen Street. Today, the volcano is home to a
- [Ellett's Mountain](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/elletts-mountain/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Ellett’s Mountain elletts-mountainwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Ellett's Mountain (Maungataketake) is a volcano located in the suburb of Mangere, Auckland. It originally featured a 76 meter high scoria cone before it was largely quarried away. Location: Mangere, Auckland Coordinates: -36.994710, 174.748190 No news on this volcano. Ellett's Mountain last erupted
- [Pukaki Lagoon](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/pukaki-lagoon/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Pukaki Lagoon pukaki-lagoonwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Pukaki Lagoon (Te Pūkaki Tapu-o-Poutukeka) is an explosion crater volcano located in the suburb of Mangere, Auckland. It is surrounded by a 600 meter wide tuff ring. It is one of the best preserved volcanoes in the Auckland Volcanic Field. The crater was
- [Crater Hill](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/crater-hill/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Crater Hill crater-hillwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Crater Hill is an explosion crater volcano located in the suburb of Mangere, Auckland. The crater is surrounded by a relatively intact tuff ring approximately 800 meters wide. There is a small island near the middle of the crater and is the remnants
- [Pukeiti](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/pukeiti/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Pukeiti pukeitiwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Pukeiti is the smallest volcano in the Auckland Volcanic Field. The crater measures just 30 meters wide. Despite its small size, the volcano produced extensive lava flows. The translation of Pukeiti is "little hill". Location: Mangere, Auckland Coordinates: -36.983757, 174.757216 No news on this
- [Mount Gabriel](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mount-gabriel/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Mount Gabriel mount-gabrielwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Mount Gabriel (Waitomokia) is an explosion crater and scoria cone volcano located in Mangere, Auckland. Early eruptions began as explosive, forming a tuff ring approximately 600 meters wide. Later eruptions built up three distinctive scoria cones which were all quarried away in the
- [Mangere Lagoon](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mangere-lagoon/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Mangere Lagoon mangere-lagoonwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Mangere Lagoon is an explosion crater volcano based in Mangere, Auckland. The surrounding tuff ring has a diameter of 650 meters and features a small scoria-based island in its center. Location: Mangere, Auckland Coordinates: -36.956381, 174.777437 No news on this volcano. Mangere Lagoon
- [Mount Smart](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mount-smart/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Mount Smart mount-smartwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Mount Smart (Rarotonga) is a now quarried volcano located in Penrose, Auckland. The volcano was once the site of a scoria cone reaching 87 meters high. The stadium stands within the site today. Location: Onehunga, Auckland Coordinates: -36.929694, 174.783725 No news on this
- [Gloucester Park](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/gloucester-park/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Gloucester Park gloucester-parkwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Gloucester Park (Te Hopua a Rangi) is an explosion crater volcano located in the suburb of Onehunga, Auckland. Its crater formed a lake before being breached by the sea and becoming a tidal lagoon. It was reclaimed and is now a park. Basalt
- [Pigeon Mountain](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/pigeon-mountain/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Pigeon Mountain pigeon-mountainwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Pigeon Mountain (Ōhuiarangi) is a scoria cone in the suburb of Half Moon Bay, Auckland. It is the eastern most volcano in the Auckland Volcanic Field. It started as an explosive eruption, forming a large crater and tuff ring (approximately 500 meters wide).
- [Little Rangitoto](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/little-rangitoto/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Little Rangitoto little-rangitotowhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Little Rangitoto (Maungarāhiri) is a quarried volcano located in the suburb of Remuera, Auckland. The volcano featured a scoria cone rising to 75 meters prior to quarrying. Parts of the quarried lava face can still be seen today as well as lava flows
- [Mount Roskill](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mount-roskill/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Mount Roskill mount-roskillwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Mount Roskill (Puketāpapa) is a scoria cone volcano located in the suburb of Mount Roskill, Auckland. The oval shaped cone was produced through two vents and rises to 110 meters high. The volcano has been heavily modified with the installation of a large
- [Te Pou Hawaiki](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/te-pou-hawaiki/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Te Pou Hawaiki te-pou-hawaikiwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Te Pou Hawaiki is a volcano located in the suburb of Epsom, Auckland. The original scoria cone (a small one, only rising about five meters) has been completely quarried away. It likely started as an explosion crater, with evidence of a surrounding
- [Grafton Volcano](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/grafton-volcano/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Grafton Volcano grafton-volcanowhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Grafton Volcano has an interesting history. It was first mapped by Hochstetter in 1964, however was subsequently determined that it was part of the Auckland Domain volcano. Then in 2011, it was granted it's own volcano status again after examining trace lava flows.
- [Mount Albert](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mount-albert/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Mount Albert mount-albertwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Mount Albert (Ōwairaka) is a scoria cone volcano located in the suburb of Mount Albert, Auckland. It rises to 135 meters high. It began as an explosive eruption, producing a tuff ring. Once the volcano turned dry, it formed a large scoria cone,
- [Puhinui Craters](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/puhinui-craters/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Puhinui Craters puhinui-craterswhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Puhinui Craters is a series of small maar craters encircled with tuff cones located in the Puhinui Reserve, Wiri, Auckland. The most obvious of these craters is the Puhinui Pond Crater. It was only recognised as a volcano in 2011. Location: Wiri, Auckland
- [Styaks Swamp](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/styaks-swamp/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Styaks Swamp styaks-swampwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Styaks Swamp Crater is a small volcano located in East Tamaki Auckland. It formed an explosion crater and tuff ring during eruptions approximately 20,000 years ago. Today, nothing remains of the volcano and is an industrial zone. Location: East Tamaki, Auckland Coordinates: -36.934408,
- [Highbrook Park](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/highbrook-park/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Highbrook Park highbrook-parkwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Highbrook Park (Pukewairiki) is a volcano located in East Tamaki, Auckland. The volcano is an explosion crater with a surrounding tuff ring. It is one of the oldest in Auckland, having erupted approximately 130,000 years ago. Location: East Tamaki, Auckland Coordinates: -36.944089, 174.866121
- [McLennan Hills](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mclennan-hills/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/McLennan Hills mclennan-hillswhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages McLennan Hills (Te Aponga o Tainui) is a small shield volcano located in Mount Wellington, Auckland. It featured a series of scoria cones rising to 45 meters high. It was quarried away and today is home to residential housing. A small section of
- [Green Mount](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/green-mount/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Green Mount green-mountwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Green Mount is a volcano located in East Tamaki, Auckland. Originally an explosive type, creating a tuff ring which still (partially) exists today. The eruption turned dry and built a scoria cone reaching 78 meters high. Most of the cone has been quarried.
- [Otara Hill](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/otara-hill/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Otara Hill otara-hillwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Otara Hill is a volcano located in East Tamaki, Auckland. Initially explosive with a tuff ring, Otara Hill turned dry and built a scoria cone reaching 89 meters above sea level. It has subsequently been quarried away and nothing volcanic is visible today.
- [Hampton Park](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/hampton-park/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Hampton Park hampton-parkwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Hampton Park Volcano is a heavily modified scoria cone located in East Tamaki, Auckland. The volcano was originally an explosive eruption with surrounding tuff ring. Eruptions changed to dry and built a small scoria cone rising to 50 meters. Location: East Tamaki, Auckland
- [Puketutu](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/puketutu/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Puketutu puketutuwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Puketutu is a volcanic island located in the Manukau Harbour, Auckland. The first eruptions were explosive, followed by dry, building a scoria cone reaching 65 meters high. Location: Manukau Harbour, Auckland Coordinates: -36.965379, 174.744411 No news on this volcano. Puketutu erupted approximately 32,000 years
- [Panmure Basin](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/panmure-basin/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Panmure Basin panmure-basinwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Panmure Basin is an explosion crater surrounded by a tuff ring. There is also a small scoria cone buried beneath layers of mud. The volcano erupted approximately 25,000 years ago. Today, the crater is a tidal lagoon. Location: Panmure, Auckland Coordinates: -36.904808, 174.849641
- [Mount Wellington](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mount-wellington/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Mount Wellington mount-wellingtonwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Mount Wellington (Maungarei) is a scoria cone volcano located in the suburb of Mount Wellington, Auckland. It rises 135m and is the second youngest volcano after Rangitoto, forming 10,000 years ago. The volcano produced extensive lava flows, of which have been mined and
- [Mount Mangere](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mount-mangere/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Mount Mangere mount-mangerewhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Mount Mangere Volcano rises 106m and features a lava dome in one of its two craters. It erupted approximately 70,000 years ago. Some of the best examples of Pahoehoe lava flows from the volcano can be found around the shores of Mangere Domain.
- [Sturges Park](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/sturges-park/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Sturges Park sturges-parkwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Sturges Park, also known as Robertson Hill is volcano located in Otahuhu, Auckland. Eruptions started as explosive before switching to dry and building a cone, reaching 78 meters high. Today, the volcano has been reshaped into a sports oval and playing fields. Location:
- [Mount Richmond](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mount-richmond/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Mount Richmond mount-richmondwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Mount Richmond / Otahuhu is a volcano located in Otahuhu, Auckland. It features a number of scoria cones (reaching 48 meters high) within an explosion crater and surrounding tuff ring. It last erupted approximately 32,000 years ago. Location: Otahuhu, Auckland Coordinates: -36.932851, 174.839644
- [Taylors Hill](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/taylors-hill/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Taylors Hill taylors-hillwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Taylors Hill (Taurere) is a small scoria cone located in the suburb of Glendowie, Auckland. It was originally an explosion crater before dry eruptions created a small scoria cone reaching 56 meters high. Lava flowed in two locations. The first under what is
- [Glover Park](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/glover-park/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Glover Park glover-parkwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Glover Park or St Heliers Volcano (Whakamuhu) is an explosion crater with a surrounding tuff ring. It erupted approximately 50,000 years ago. Today, the volcano is home to a park and sports fields. Location: St Heliers, Auckland Coordinates: -36.846767, 174.868020 No news on
- [Orakei Basin](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/orakei-basin/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Orakei Basin orakei-basinwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Orakei Basin is one of Auckland’s explosive volcanoes with a surrounding tuff ring. The crater (which is a tidal lagoon) is 700m wide and erupted 85,000 years ago. Location: Remuera/Orakei, Auckland Coordinates: -36.866867, 174.813200 No news on this volcano. Orakei Basin erupted approximately
- [Mount Cambria](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mount-cambria/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Mount Cambria mount-cambriawhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Mount Cambria (Takararo) was a small 40 meter high scoria cone. It has been almost completely quarried away. The volcano erupted 30,000 to 50,000 years ago. Today, the site is now a reserve. Location: Devonport, Auckland Coordinates: -36.824603, 174.801948 No news on this
- [Mount Victoria](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mount-victoria/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Mount Victoria mount-victoriawhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Mount Victoria is a scoria cone, rising to 66 meters. The volcano erupted approximately 35,000 years ago. Lava flowed down the Waitemata Valley (when the sea was much lower) and now lines much of the present day Devonport waterfront. Location: Devonport, Auckland Coordinates:
- [North Head](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/north-head/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/North Head north-headwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages North Head (Maungauika) forms the eastern headland of the Waitemata Harbour. The volcano erupted approximately 40,000 years ago and started as explosive eruptions before building a scoria cone. Exposed sections of collapsed tuff can be viewed along the base track. Location: Devonport, Auckland
- [Otuataua](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/otuataua/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Otuataua otuatauawhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Otuataua is a lava field containing a number of scoria cones including Pukeiti and Otuataua. Pukeiti is the smallest cone in the Auckland field. Not much of Otuataua cone remains as it has been extensively quarried. The area contains a number of smalll lava
- [Wiri Mountain](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/wiri-mountain/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Wiri Mountain wiri-mountainwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Wiri Mountain (Matukutūruru) is a scoria cone volcano reaching 80 meters. It has been mostly quarried away. Wiri Mountain's lava flows produced the Wiri Lava Tube which is the longest in the country (290 metres long). Location: Wiri, Auckland Coordinates: -37.006254, 174.857930 No
- [McLaughlins Mountain](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mclaughlins-mountain/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/McLaughlins Mountain mclaughlins-mountainwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages McLaughlins Mountain (Matukutūreia) is a highly modified scoria cone, rising to 73 metres. It is the southernmost volcano in the Auckland Volcanic Field. Nearby the cone is a small explosion crater (now a wetland) and tuff ring. Location: Wiri, Auckland Coordinates: -37.013486, 174.845907
- [Three Kings](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/three-kings/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Three Kings three-kingswhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Whilst still known as Three Kings, only one scoria cone remains known as "Big King". Despite its name, there were at least 5 scoria cones within the explosion crater and surrounding tuff ring. The eruption occurred 28,500 years ago Location: Three Kings, Auckland
- [One Tree Hill](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/one-tree-hill/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/One Tree Hill one-tree-hillwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages One Tree Hill is the second largest volcano in Auckland, last erupting 67,000 years ago. Three distinctive craters make up the volcano, one of which is intact. The two other craters were breached by extensive lava flows which reached as far Newmarket
- [Mount Saint John](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mount-saint-john/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Mount Saint John mount-saint-johnwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Mount Saint John (Te Kopuke) is a scoria cone reaching 126m high. The volcano last erupted approximately 75,000 years ago. The crater is bowl shaped and features a small pond. Mount Saint John is the source of Meola Reef - a long
- [Mount Hobson](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mount-hobson/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Mount Hobson mount-hobsonwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Mount Hobson / Ōhinerau is a scoria cone reaching 143m high. The volcano last erupted approximately 34,000 years ago. The crater is a horseshoe-shaped due to lava flowing from the cone. Location: Remuera, Auckland Coordinates: -36.877889, 174.786263 No news on this volcano. Mount
- [Mount Eden](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/mount-eden/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Mount Eden mount-edenwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Mount Eden / Maungawhau is a scoria cone, having last erupted 28,000 years ago. It erupted from three craters, but two of those craters were filled in from the (last) southern crater eruption. It is one of the most prominent volcanic cones in
- [Auckland Domain](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/auckland-domain/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Auckland Domain auckland-domainwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Auckland Domain Volcano is a large explosion crater, having erupted approximately 100,000 years ago. It is surrounded by a long tuff ring. At the center of the crater is a small scoria coned named Pukekaroro. The crater was once a lava lake. The
- [Onepoto](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/onepoto/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Onepoto onepotowhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Onepoto is an explosion crater and one of the oldest volcanoes in the Auckland Volcanic Field (approx 200,000 years old). It is surrounded by a high tuff ring. The crater was once a fresh water lake before being breached by the sea, changing into
- [Tank Farm Tuff Crater](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/tank-farm-tuff-crater/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Tank Farm Tuff Crater tank-farm-tuff-craterwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Tank Farm or as it's also known as Tuff Crater is an explosion crater on the North Shore of Auckland. It last erupted approximately 200,000 years ago, about the same time as the nearby explosion crater of Onepoto. Tank Farm's tuff
- [Lake Pupuke](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/lake-pupuke/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Lake Pupuke lake-pupukewhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Lake Pupuke is one of the oldest volcanoes in Auckland, having erupted 193,000 years ago. It is a heart-shaped explosion crater and is now a fresh water lake. Lava flows from Pupuke were significant, enveloping a nearby kauri forest and creating tree moulds
- [Motukorea Browns Island](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/motukorea-browns-island/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Motukorea Browns Island motukorea-browns-islandwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Motukorea Browns Island is one the best preserved volcanoes in the Auckland Volcanic Field. It erupted 25,000 years ago when the sea level was significantly lower than the present day. Typical of Auckland volcanoes, Motukorea Browns Island started as a wet eruption
- [Rangitoto](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/rangitoto/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Rangitoto rangitotowhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Rangitoto is not only the youngest volcano in Auckland (600 years), but also the largest. Rangitoto’s mass is roughly the equivalent of all the previous eruptions combined. The island is a widely visible landmark of Auckland and formed in two eruption phases. The first
- [Kohuora Crater](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/kohuora-crater/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Kohuora Crater kohuora-craterwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Kohuora Crater is an explosion crater located in Papatoetoe, Auckland. Kohuora is an incredibly complex volcano, having erupted from at least three separate vents. The crater is surrounded by a tuff ring reaching up to 30 meters high. Today, the crater is a
- [Boggust Park Crater](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/boggust-park-crater/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Boggust Park Crater boggust-park-craterwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Boggust Park Volcano is one of the older volcanoes in the Auckland Volcanic Field, however has only been recently recognised as a volcano (back in 2011). A semi circular tuff rings (6-8m) surrounds the crater area. It is believed that the crater
- [Cemetery Crater](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/cemetery-crater/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Cemetery Crater cemetery-craterwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Cemetery Crater is a small explosion crater located in Papatoetoe, Auckland. It has a rather checkered history, losing its volcano status back in 1968. However in 2011, a depression and surrounding rim were clearly visible on detailed contour mapping from Auckland Council and
- [Ash Hill](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/auckland-volcanic-field/ash-hill/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Auckland Volcanic Field/Ash Hill ash-hillwhitesmoke600#727272 ‌OverviewNewsEruptive HistoryImages Ash Hill is a small basalt volcano located in Wiri, Auckland. The tuff cone originally rose approximately eight meters high, but has since been flattened. Due to ongoing earthworks and development, there is very little left of the original explosion crater and tuff
- [Whakarewarewa](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/whakarewarewa/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Whakarewarewa The Whakarewarewa Whaka Geothermal Trail is part of the Rotorua Thermal Complex. It features some excellent mud pools and mud cones as well as boiling hot springs. Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Whakarewarewa
- [Te Puia](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/te-puia/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Te Puia Te Puia (located in the Te Whakarewarewa Valley) is one of New Zealand's largest and most popular geothermal areas, spanning an area of over 70 hectares. It features the majestic Pohutu Geyser - the largest in the Southern Hemisphere. Mud pools, numerous hot springs and
- [Orakei Korako](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/orakei-korako/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Orakei Korako Orakei Korako is situated on the banks of the Waikato River and is accessible via boat only. It features the Ruatapu Cave, one of only two known caves in a geothermal field and over 30 geysers. Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic
- [Mount Tarawera](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/mount-tarawera/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Mount Tarawera Located to the south of Rotorua, Mount Tarawera is the main vent of the Okataina volcanic complex. On the 10th of June 1886, Tarawera spectacularly erupted. The pink and white terraces were destroyed as a result of the eruption. Home /Global Volcano Database/New
- [Kuirau Park](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/kuirau-park/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Kuirau Park Kuirau Park is centrally located in Rotorua City. It is part of the wider Rotorua Geothermal System and features numerous pools of hot springs and boiling mud. The main attraction is Kuirau Lake with temperatures ranging between 40-50 degrees. In 2001 a hydrothermal eruption occurred
- [Hell's Gate](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/new-zealand/taupo-volcanic-zone/hells-gate/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/New Zealand Volcanoes/Taupo Volcanic Zone/Hell’s Gate Hell's Gate is one of the most active geothermal areas in Rotorua. You can find hot springs, coloured pools, bubbling mud and steaming cliffs over an area of 50 acres. It is also home to the Tikitere Mud Volcano, the largest in the country and
- [News Archive](https://extreme-pursuit.com/news-archive/) - PostsAuckland’s best (and secret) geological wondersEruption at Manaro Voui, Ambae Island, VanuatuExpedition to Yasur Volcano (2026)Red Warning Storm Chase (Invest 94P)Minor eruption at AmbrymExploring Iceland’s Lava CavesIceland Aurora Season 2025Ambae, Vanuatu EruptionStewart’s Lava Cave, Auckland – Virtual TourSpectacular Aurora over The Catlins, New ZealandThis Best Bioluminescent Show on the PlanetRed Warning Storm: Wind Gusts Batter
- [The greatest show on Earth](https://extreme-pursuit.com/home/) - Descending the lava lake crater of Benbow Volcano
- [Middle-earth's Mount Doom](https://extreme-pursuit.com/middle-earths-mount-doom/) - Crossing the stark volcanic terrain of Tongariro National Park During a wonderful summer's day, a group of five of us headed down to the Tongariro National Park to hike the famous (and hugely popular) Tongariro Crossing. The Crossing is a relatively easy 19.4km journey across explosion craters, steaming vents, turquoise lakes and regenerating forest. Mount Doom (Ngauruhoe) The Emerald Lakes which get their
- [India Volcanoes](https://extreme-pursuit.com/volcanoes/india/) - Home /Global Volcano Database/India Volcanoes Barren Island
- [Photo > Ambrym](https://extreme-pursuit.com/photos/photo-ambrym/)
- [Photo > Benbow](https://extreme-pursuit.com/photo-ambrym-2/)
- [Photo > Pacaya](https://extreme-pursuit.com/photos-amrbym-3/)
- [IN PURSUIT OF EARTH'S EXTREMES](https://extreme-pursuit.com/front-page-article/) - Death defying journeys into the unknown.
- [Anak Krakatau, Indonesia](https://extreme-pursuit.com/anak-krakatau-indonesia/)
- [Volcano & Eruptions Stock Footage Video](https://extreme-pursuit.com/video/) - Extreme Pursuit offers extreme and rare video footage (1080 and 4K) of natural phenomena from remote locations across the world. Please contact us for licensing. Volcano and related video footage Sudden eruption of lava Expand Hawaii's new lava flows into the ocean Expand Footage of Hawaii's volcano lava flows Expand Huge fissure eruption in Hawaii
- [Tongariro Northern Circuit](https://extreme-pursuit.com/tongariro-northern-circuit/) - Four weeks back, we journeyed to Tongariro National Park to hike the Northern Circuit. This track is one of New Zealand's great walks (I've got one more to complete!). The Northern Circuit starts and ends in Whakapapa and encompasses much of the (more popular) Tongariro Crossing. Our journey started with blue skies, but quickly deteriorated
- [The greatest show on Earth](https://extreme-pursuit.com/the-greatest-show-on-earth/) - A death defying journey into the unknown. Descending the lava lake crater of Benbow Volcano, to witness the greatest show on Earth. Part 1
- [The Kepler Mountains](https://extreme-pursuit.com/kepler/) - Beech-forested shorelines of Lake Te Anau, tussock covered ridge-lines and spectacular alpine vistas over the Kepler Mountains.
- [The Routeburn Trail](https://extreme-pursuit.com/the-routeburn-trail/) - The ultimate alpine adventure through the majestic peaks and ice-carved valleys of the Southern Alps, New Zealand. A World Heritage Area.
- [The Kauaeranga Valley](https://extreme-pursuit.com/kauaeranga-valley/) - From a settlement built on gold, past ancient lava lake beds with towering volcanic plugs, to the striking Pinnacles of Kauaeranga.
- [Photo > Ambrym](https://extreme-pursuit.com/photo-ambrym-3/)
- [INTO THE FIRE](https://extreme-pursuit.com/into-the-fire-2/) - The most ambitious Volcano expedition yet. Descending 400 meters to lava lake crater of Marum Volcano, Vanuatu.
- [Home](https://extreme-pursuit.com/home-2/)

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- [About](https://extreme-pursuit.com/?slide=testimonials) - Mind-blowing experiences, moments of close escapes. We are New Zealand based adventurers in pursuit of mind-blowing experiences and moments of close escapes. Often to far-flung places, in pursuit of Mother Nature at her worst. We’ve chased destructive storms, descended into fiery volcanoes and explored remote locations from the Arctic to Antarctica. While Mother Nature is sometimes
- [Home](https://extreme-pursuit.com/?slide=home) - EXTREME PURSUIT. Global Volcano & Storm Chasers LATEST Auckland’s best (and secret) geological wonders... Eruption at Manaro Voui, Ambae Island,... Expedition to Yasur Volcano (2026)... Red Warning Storm Chase (Invest 94P)...
- [Expeditions](https://extreme-pursuit.com/?slide=education) - Expeditions Expedition to Yasur Volcano (2026) Between late September and early October 2025, there was a significant and sustained increase in SO₂... Read More Expedition Ambae (Vanuatu) 2025 I’ve attempted to reach Ambae’s summit three times. My first visit coincided with the catastrophic... Read More Expedition Ambrym (Vanuatu) 2025 Over the past decade, I have
- [News](https://extreme-pursuit.com/?slide=blog) - Recent news 18 February 2026 Auckland's best (and secret) geological wonders Auckland, New Zealand has an incredible diversity of geological wonders, from the iconic volcanoes to... Read More 13 February 2026 Eruption at Manaro Voui, Ambae Island, Vanuatu The Manaro Voui volcano on Ambae Island has entered a new eruptive phase over the past 24
- [Contact](https://extreme-pursuit.com/?slide=contact) - Contact We're always excited to connect with fellow adventurers, researchers, and media professionals! Whether you're interested in licensing our content, joining us on an unforgettable expedition, or collaborating on a media or scientific project, we're eager to hear from you. Please reach out to us via the email below. mail@extreme-pursuit.com

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